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Simulación multifísica de los procesos de necrosis térmica durante el fresado robótico de hueso


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Título :
Simulación multifísica de los procesos de necrosis térmica durante el fresado robótico de hueso
Autor :
Rodríguez López, Daniel Alejandro
Tutor:
Sabater-Navarro, Jose Maria  
Juan, Carlos G.  
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática
Fecha de publicación:
2022-09-13
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/28552
Resumen :
La necrosis térmica del hueso, también llamada, osteonecrosis térmica, es un trastorno que resulta en la muerte del tejido, se presenta cuando la temperatura en el hueso supera los 47º𝐶 durante más de 50 segundos, este es el umbral mayormente aceptado en la literatura. Una de las varias razones qu...  Ver más
Thermal necrosis of bone, also called thermal osteonecrosis, is a disorder that results in tissue death and occurs when the temperature in the bone exceeds 47°𝐶 for more than 50 seconds, which is the most widely accepted threshold in the literature. One of the several reasons that can cause a temperature increase is the cutting or machining of bone, during medical interventions that require it. Bone grinding is a technique used primarily in neurosurgery or medical procedures where special care must be taken because of the tissues that may be affected during bone cutting. In the literature reviewed during the development of this work, it can be seen that most of the studies focused on this technique are experimental procedures with animal bones. According to the above, a need is identified for studies, such as this research work, oriented to the simulation of this process, which is a basis for defining acceptable bone grinding parameters in real practice and that serves as an initial guide for the medical specialist. In this work, a model of bone grinding was implemented and developed in the Comsol Multiphysics software, which allows for solving finite element models combining different physical phenomena. Several simulations of the model were performed, changing grinding parameters such as the tool displacement speed concerning the bone, the rotation of the drill, and the force or load applied to the bone through the drill. The results obtained showed that certain combinations of parameters can raise the bone temperature beyond 47º𝐶, causing considerable damage to the bone tissue. In contrast, other configurations showed very promising results, raising the bone temperature a few degrees during a range of time that does not represent a danger to bone integrity.
Palabras clave/Materias:
necrosis térmica
simulación de fresado de hueso
simulación multifísica
método de elementos finitos
fresado robótico
estimación de daños térmicos
thermal necrosis
bone grinding simulation
multiphysics simulation
finite element method
robotic grinding
thermal damage estimation
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Ingeniería. Tecnología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG-Ingeniería Electrónica y Automática Industrial



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