Abstract:
El trastorno mental grave corresponde a ciertas patologías que causan gran limitación en la vida de los pacientes, para su tratamiento se emplean los psicofármacos cuyo uso conlleva al desarrollo de ciertas complicaciones de importancia como dislipidemias, obesidad, resistencia a la insulina que pr... Ver más
Severe mental disorder corresponds to certain pathologies that nowadays cause great limitation in the life of patients, for their treatment psychotropic drugs are used, among which we can highlight antipsychotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, etc., whose use leads to the development of certain important complications such as dyslipidemias, obesity, insulin resistance and predisposition to the development of metabolic syndrome.
In recent years it has become evident that one of the mechanisms by which these drugs have this effect is due to their involvement in the retinoid system, since normal signaling of this system is required for the prevention of this pathology, being of interest in the development of obesity and the development of obesity-related diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease, the same conditions responsible for MetS; is because of this that we sought to answer the following objectives:
✓ To determine serum retinol, RPB4 and RPB4-REOH ratio in patients treated with psychotropic drugs
✓ To describe the antipsychotic treatment in the patients under study,
✓ To evaluate the potential effect of treatment with psychotropic drugs on serum retinol levels
✓ To determine in the study group by means of anthropometric parameters and other markers the possible metabolic changes resulting from treatment with psychotropic drugs.
The study was carried out in 80 patients admitted to the Dr. Esquerdo de San Juan socio-health center. The clinical histories of these patients were evaluated to determine the drugs administered, the most commonly administered being the second-generation antipsychotics clozapine and haloperidol; antidepressants sertraline and fluoxetine and the anxiolytics clonazepam and diazepam, lipid profile and anthropometric characteristics were analyzed and the levels of REOH, RBP4 and RBP4-REOH ratio were determined.
Although lithium was not one of the main drugs administered, it turned out to be the drug most involved in the alterations to the retinoid system, causing an increase in both REOH and RBP4 and a decrease in RBP4-REOH, with a more marked effect on REOH. On the other hand, it was also shown that the increase in TG in the patients studied was closely related to increases in REOH and RBP4; all these factors are indicators of the exponential risk that these patients present of suffering SMet.
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