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Extensive paralogism in the environmental pangenome: a key factor in the ecological success of natural SAR11 populations


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Título :
Extensive paralogism in the environmental pangenome: a key factor in the ecological success of natural SAR11 populations
Autor :
Molina Pardines, Carmen
Haro Moreno, Jose M.
Rodriguez Valera, Francisco
López Pérez, Mario
Editor :
BMC
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Producción Vegetal y Microbiología
Fecha de publicación:
2025
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/36022
Resumen :
Background The oceanic microbiome is dominated by members of the SAR11 clade. Despite their abundance, challenges in recovering the full genetic diversity of natural populations have hindered our understanding of the eco-evolutionary mechanisms driving intra-species variation. In this study, we employed a combination of single-amplified genomes and long-read metagenomics to recover the genomic diversity of natural populations within the SAR11 genomospecies Ia.3/VII, the dominant group in the Mediterranean Sea. Results The reconstruction of the first complete genome within this genomospecies revealed that the core genome represents a significant proportion of the genome (~ 81%), with highly divergent areas that allow for greater straindependent metabolic flexibility. The flexible genome was concentrated in small regions, typically containing a single gene, and was located in equivalent regions within the genomospecies. Each variable region was associated with a specific set of genes that, despite exhibiting some divergence, maintained equivalent biological functionality within the population. The environmental pangenome is large and enriched in genes involved in nutrient transport, as well as cell wall synthesis and modification, showing an extremely high degree of functional redundancy in the flexible genome (i.e. paralogisms). Conclusions This genomic architecture promotes polyclonality, preserving genetic variation within the population. This, in turn, mitigates intraspecific competition and enables the population to thrive under variable environmental conditions and selective pressures. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the power of long-read metagenomics in capturing the full genetic diversity of environmental SAR11 populations, overcoming the limitations of secondgeneration sequencing technologies in genome assembly.
Palabras clave/Materias:
SAR11
Pangenome
Mediterranean Sea
Long-read metagenomics
Flexible genome
Paralogs
Singleamplified genomes
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias puras y naturales: Biología: Microbiología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-025-02037-6
Aparece en las colecciones:
Artículos Producción vegetal y microbiología



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.