Abstract:
El interés en las uniones adhesivas ha crecido significativamente en el ámbito industrial,
y su aplicación se está expandiendo en industrias como la ferroviaria, automotriz y
aeroespacial. En particular, el uso de adhesivos flexibles se ha convertido en una
tendencia en la industria debido a las ve... Ver más
Interest in adhesive bonding has significantly increased in the industrial field, and its
application is expanding in industries such as rail, automotive and aerospace. In
particular, the use of flexible adhesives has become a trend in the industry due to the
advantages they offer, despite being less studied than rigid adhesives. However, the
design of these adhesive bonds remains a challenge for engineers because flexible
adhesives are less well studied, and in many cases, there is insufficient data to predict
their behavior. Existing models developed for rigid adhesives cannot accurately predict
the behavior of flexible adhesive bonds, which exhibit low modulus of elasticity,
incompressibility and large strains to failure. As numerical simulations are becoming an
integral part of component design, engineers are constantly faced with the challenge of
choosing the most appropriate model, as this is a prerequisite for accurate numerical
predictions.
In light of this situation, this doctoral thesis focuses on the mechanical characterisation
of adhesives with hyperelastic behaviour and aims to determine the most suitable
behavioral laws for their inclusion in simulation models. Initially, a test plan is
implemented using simple specimens with uniaxial and planar configurations, designed
to measure the non-linear behaviour of the adhesives in both tensile and pure shear
respectively. In contrast to the uniaxial specimen, which is regulated by the test standard
(ISO-37), there is no specific standard for the planar specimen. Consequently, in the
initial phase of this research, it is proposed that tests be conducted with specimens of
varying dimensions (width-length) to ascertain the influence of these dimensions on the
results. Finite element models are subsequently utilized to fit the hyperelastic material behaviour
laws. Models of the dumbbell and planar specimens are made using different hyperelastic
behaviour laws. A fitting procedure is adhered to, and it is determined which model most
accurately approximates the experimental data.
Once the hyperelastic model has been adjusted, it can be used to simulate the behaviour
of different joint configurations. To validate the chosen material model, single lap (SLJ)
and peel (DCB) joints with different adhesive thicknesses are modeled. The results are
then compared with those obtained experimentally by testing specimens with the same
configurations.
Once the model has been verified to be functioning correctly, the simulation is initiated
and the joints subjected to different stresses are analysed. Moreover, the developed
methodology has been tested by applying it to characterise other types of hyperelastic
adhesives, and to assess the influence of different environmental conditions.
Finally, to assess the applicability of the findings presented in this thesis, studies were
conducted on joints used in industrial vehicle bodies, yielding encouraging results.
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