Resumen :
En el presente trabajo se realizará el diseño y programación de una estación robótica de pintado en seguimiento para la aplicación de la capa base del recubrimiento de la carrocería de un modelo de automóvil seleccionado. En el diseño de la estación se buscará dotar a la misma de una gran versatili... Ver más
In this project, the design and programming of a robotic painting in tracking station for the application of the base coat of the bodywork coating of a selected car model will be carried out. The design of the station will seek to provide it with great versatility so that in another application scenario, that is, with another programming of the station robots, the vehicle model to which the base coat is applied could be varied.
The base coat, as will be explained in detail in this project, is the coating layer of the bodywork that provides, among other things, the color to it, therefore it can be said that the design and programming of a robotic station that confers the color to the bodywork of the selected vehicle model will be carried out.
The engineering software RobotStudio, developed by ABB for the programming and control of their robotic systems, will be used for this project. The programming of the station will be limited by its real complexity and by the fact that it will not be carried out in the framework of a real programming company, which means that not all the elements, data, signals, etc. that would be involved in a real painting station are available.
This robotic station will consist of six ABB painting robots, four application robots and two assistance robots, all of them mounted on tracks to increase their work area, which, working in unison, will perform the complete application of the base coat on the exterior and interior of the body of the selected vehicle model without stopping its progress along the coating station.
In order to provide the station with greater flexibility and maintain the cleanliness of its environment, a very important aspect in the robotic application of paint, in addition to programming the application of the base coat, the station will be programmed to allow maintenance and cleaning of the applicators without the need to access the interior of the station, thus avoiding contamination of its environment. Certain safety measures will also be programmed to avoid damage to equipment and personnel.
In order to correctly carry out the present project, first of all, a study of the state of the art of robotic stations for the coating of vehicle bodyworks was carried out, in order to acquire the necessary knowledge for the correct design of the station of this project.
Next, a study of the RobotStudio software was carried out in order to understand it and thus obtain the necessary knowledge and skills to create, design and program the painting station as closely as possible to reality. For this purpose, a wide variety of manuals, web resources, video tutorials, etc. were used.
Once this knowledge was acquired, the station was designed and programmed step by step.
Finally, the correct operation of all the features of the station was checked by executing and simulating the robot programs, analyzing and evaluating the results obtained.
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