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El fenómeno de la segunda víctima en España: naturaleza, frecuencia, recomendaciones y herramientas de ayuda


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Título :
El fenómeno de la segunda víctima en España: naturaleza, frecuencia, recomendaciones y herramientas de ayuda
Autor :
Carrillo Murcia, Irene
Tutor:
Mira Solves, José Joaquín
Guilabert Mora, Mercedes
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Psicología de la Salud
Fecha de publicación:
2018-09-28
URI :
http://hdl.handle.net/11000/5112
Resumen :
Esta tesis es el compendio de seis publicaciones fruto de cuatro estudios realizados en España entre 2014 y 2016 en la línea de investigación de segundas víctimas. El primer estudio es un diseño transversal descriptivo en el que se determinó la frecuencia del fenómeno de la segunda víctima, de sus ...  Ver más
This manuscript-based thesis is the compendium of six papers resulting from four studies carried out in Spain between 2014 and 2016 in the line of research of second victims. The first study is a descriptive cross-sectional design in which the frequency of the phenomenon of the second victim, its emotional and professional consequences and other experiences associated with the occurrence of a serious adverse event were determined. The following three studies include the design and assessment processes of a series of resources developed to address the problem of the second victim at different levels (a recommendations guide, an online training program and a tool for incident analysis and solutions proposal). Manuscript 0. This paper describes the methodological approaches used in the studies carried out in Spain since 2014 in the line of research on second victims (Studies 1-4). Manuscript 1. The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of adverse events on health professionals (second victims) (Study 1). A random sample of 1,087 physicians (n = 541) and nurses (n = 495) from primary care (n = 610) and hospitals (n = 477) was surveyed. The results showed that six out of 10 health professionals had been closely acquainted with the experience of the second victim in the last five years. Guilt, anxiety, flashbacks and fear of legal consequences and loss of professional reputation were the most frequent responses. More than one-third of the professionals had informed a patient of an adverse event, although most had not received training on how to make this communication. Manuscript 2. The aim of this paper was to analyze the relationships between factors that contribute to healthcare professionals informing and apologizing to a patient after an adverse event (Study 1). It was based on data from the survey conducted in Publication 1. The likelihood of disclosing an adverse event was higher among those who stated that patients were always informed of these events at their institution and among those who already had experience in this type of communication. Apology was more likely when the institution supports the practice of informing patients of adverse events, the professional was unaware of lawsuits cases, and attributed most adverse events to human error. Manuscript 3. The aim of this paper was to summarize the available knowledge about the aftermath of adverse events and develop a recommendation set to reduce their negative impact in patients, health professionals and organizations in contexts where apology laws are not present (Study 2). The information was obtained from a review of 14 previous studies, analysis of 16 institution websites and four focus groups involving 27 health professionals. Eighty-five recommendations were made for: (i) safety and organizational policies, (ii) patient care, (iii) proactive approach to preventing reoccurrence, (iv) supporting the clinician and healthcare team, (v) activation of resources to provide an appropriate response, (vi) informing patients and/or family members, (vii) incidents’ analysis and (viii) protecting the reputation of health professionals and the organization. The content of the recommendations guide was rated positively in terms of understandability, feasibility and usefulness by 52 experts. Manuscript 4. The aim of this paper was to design and evaluate an online program directed at frontline hospital and primary care health professionals that raises awareness and provides information about the second victim phenomenon (Study 3). The design of the Mitigating Impact in Second Victims (MISE) program was based on a literature review, and its contents were selected by a group of 15 experts on patient safety with clinical and academic experience. The website hosting MISE earned Advanced Accreditation from an external quality agency that specializes in evaluating health websites. MISE content were positively rated in comprehension, usefulness and general adequacy by 26 patient safety managers and 226 healthcare professionals. Users who finished MISE improved their knowledge on patient safety terminology, prevalence and impact of adverse events, second victim support models, and recommended actions following a severe adverse event. Manuscript 5. The aim of this paper was to develop a tool that enables hospitals and primary care professionals and middle managers to immediately analyze the causes of incidents and to propose and implement measures intended to prevent their recurrence (Study 4). The design of the web-based tool (BACRA, Based on Root Cause Analysis) considered research on the barriers for reporting, review of incident analysis tools, and the opinion of eight patient safety managers. BACRA’s design and content were improved in successive versions (BACRA v1.1 and BACRA v1.2) based on feedback from 86 middle managers. BACRA contains seven tabs that guide the user through the process of analyzing a safety incident and proposing preventive actions for similar future incidents. BACRA does not identify the person completing each analysis since the password introduced to hide said analysis only is linked to the information concerning the incident.
Palabras clave/Materias:
Salud laboral
Medicina Preventiva
Actitudes sociales
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Filosofía y psicología: Psicología
CDU: Deportes
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias e Ingenierías



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