Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11000/5093

Papel de las hormonas tiroideas durante la lactancia en el desarrollo de la comisura anterior de la rata. Correlación entre imagen de resonancia magnética y maduración axonal, posible aplicación clínica


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Title:
Papel de las hormonas tiroideas durante la lactancia en el desarrollo de la comisura anterior de la rata. Correlación entre imagen de resonancia magnética y maduración axonal, posible aplicación clínica
Authors:
Salas Lucia, Federico
Tutor:
Berbel Navarro, Pere
Department:
Departamentos de la UMH::Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología
Issue Date:
2018-05-25
URI:
http://hdl.handle.net/11000/5093
Abstract:
La deficiencia de hormonas tiroideas durante las edades posnatales tempranas afecta la citoarquitectura y función de las áreas telencefálicas, incluyendo la neocorteza, causando un amplio espectro de enfermedades neurológicas y mentales. Las áreas neocorticales envían la mayoría de sus axones inter...  Ver más
Thyroid hormone deficiency at early posnatal ages affects the cytoarchitecture and function of telencephalic areas, including the neocortex, resulting in a wide spectrum of neurological and mental diseases. Neocortical areas send interhemispheric axons mostly through the corpus callosum and to a lesser extent through the anterior commissure (AC), while limbic areas mostly project through the AC and hippocampal commissures. Functional magnetic resonance data of children late diagnosed for congenital hypothyroidism with abnormal verbal memory processing suggest altered ipsi- and contra- lateral telencephalic connections. Gestational hypothyroidism affects AC development but the possible effect of transient and chronic posnatal hypothyroidism as occurs in late diagnosed neonates with congenital hypothyroidism and in children growing up in iodine deficient areas still remains unknown. We have studied the AC development, using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron microscopy (EM) in hypothyroid and control male rats. Four groups of methimazole (MMI) treated rats were studied. One group was MMI-treated from posnatal day (P) 0 to P21; some of these rats were additionally treated with L-thyroxine (T4) from P15-21, as a model for early transient hypothyroidism. Other rats were MMI-treated from P0-150 and the remaining from embryonic day 10 to P170, as a chronic hypothyroidism group. The results were compared with age paired control rats. The T2 ratio obtained with MRI was higher in MMI-treated rats and correlated with the decreased number and percentage of myelinated axons obtained with EM. In MMI-treated rats, the myelinated axon g-ratio and conduction velocity was similar to C rats, but conduction delays between homotopic contralateral areas decreased. These data show that early posnatal transient and chronic hypothyroidism alters AC maturation, which cannot be reverted after delayed T4-treatment. These alterations affect contralateral connections through the AC, including those between the piriform cortex and amygdaloid areas. Our data support the neurocognitive delay found in late T4-treated children with congenital hypothyroidism, and may help to understand the physiopathology of psychiatric diseases associated to the limbic system such as the bipolar disorder.
Notes:
Programa de Doctorado en Salud Pública, Ciencias Médicas y Quirúrgicas
Keywords/Subjects:
Desarrollo animal
Histología animal
Anatomia animal
Knowledge area:
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Type of document:
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Access rights:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Appears in Collections:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias de la Salud



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