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Meduloblastoma pediátrico en un centro: evolución del manejo y la supervivencia


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Título :
Meduloblastoma pediátrico en un centro: evolución del manejo y la supervivencia
Autor :
Mira Palacios, Alicia
Tutor:
Nieto Navarro, Juan Antonio
Verdú Martínez, Iván
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Patología y Cirugía
Fecha de publicación:
2024-04-30
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/35557
Resumen :
Objetivos: analizar las características epidemiológicas y clínicas del meduloblastoma pediátrico en los pacientes seguidos en el centro de estudio. Material y métodos: se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes diagnosticados de meduloblastoma pediátrico en el Hospital Ge...  Ver más
Objectives: to analyse the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric medulloblastoma in patients followed in the study centre. Material and methods: a retrospective descriptive study of patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma at the Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Dr. Balmis (HGUDB) from 1 January 1995 to 31 January 2023 has been carried out. Results: nineteen patients were included. The average age was 7.1 ± 3.3 years. Headache was present at diagnosis in 84.2% of the patients, with a median symptom presentation of 30 days (range 16.25-60 days) and a predominant location in the IV ventricle. Standard risk included 57.9% of patients and the most frequent histological subtype was classical medulloblastoma (63.2%). Total/subtotal surgical resection was achieved in 15 patients and 9 required ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation. Adjuvant treatment in all of them consisted of chemotherapy (QT) and radiotherapy (RT) except for one patient < 3 years who did not receive RT. Endocrine alterations were the sequelae found in the largest number of cases (36.8%). Survival analysis showed a median event-free survival (EFS) of 5 years (range: 0-16 years) and overall survival (OS) of 76 ± 21% and 69.7 ± 22.3% at 3 and 5 years, respectively. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant results for risk group (p = 0.04) and extent of disease (p = 0.04), with no statistical significance in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Long-term follow-up is essential to assess physical and psychological sequelae. Further studies are needed to better understand the relationship between molecular markers and prognosis, with progress focusing on tailoring treatments according to the molecular classification of the tumour. Although evolving protocols and treatments have provided improved survival, medulloblastoma often continues to have a poor prognosis.
Palabras clave/Materias:
meduloblastoma pediátrico
supervivencia
pronóstico
neurocirugía
quimioterapia
radioterapia
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG- Medicina



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.