Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11000/34009

Revisión de alcance de las intervenciones realizadas en Atención Primaria para reducir las inequidades en salud.


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Title:
Revisión de alcance de las intervenciones realizadas en Atención Primaria para reducir las inequidades en salud.
Authors:
Canals García, Belén
Tutor:
Chilet Rosell, Elisa
Miralles Pascual, María del Mar
Editor:
Universidad Miguel Hernández
Department:
Departamentos de la UMH::Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología
Issue Date:
2024-05-13
URI:
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/34009
Abstract:
Introducción: Las desigualdades en salud son diferencias sistemáticas, evitables e injustas entre diferentes grupos socioeconómicos basadas en los determinantes sociales de la salud. A consecuencia de ello, en los grupos afectados se observan mayores tasas de morbimortalidad. Estas desigualdades se...  Ver más
Introduction: Health inequalities are systematic, avoidable and unfair differences between different socio-economic groups based on the social determinants of health. As a result, affected groups have higher morbidity and mortality rates. These inequalities must be addressed through public policies and actions in the health system, especially in Primary Care, which, thanks to its community function and its capacity to adapt to the social and health needs of the population, plays a fundamental role in the development of effective interventions. So far, the evidence on specific interventions to reduce these inequalities is limited. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify and describe specific interventions carried out in primary care to reduce health inequalities. Methods: Scoping review through the PubMed database. After entering the search equation, we obtained 1250 articles, of which 143 met the inclusion criteria and were read in full text. All studies dealing with interventions designed with the aim of preventing or reducing health inequalities in Primary Care services were included. The intervention had to be evaluated qualitatively or quantitatively in terms of health equity and target vulnerable groups. Finally, 51 articles were included for data extraction and descriptive analysis. Results: 51 articles were analysed. Most of the interventions were carried out in the United States (29.4%), with only four implemented in Spain (7.8%). In general, they lasted longer than 24 months (39.2% of the studies). In half of the interventions, the target population was groups of people from low-income areas or excluded communities (54.9%) and multicomponent preventive intervention or patient management programmes with staff training were the most developed type of intervention (43.1% of the interventions studied). Improving access to Primary Care (21.5%) and increasing participation in prevention programmes (17.6%) were the main health problems addressed. Outcomes were evaluated mainly by pre- and post-intervention comparison (29.4%), evaluation without control group (27.4%) and randomised controlled trial (21.5%). Outcomes observed in terms of health equity reflected improvements in the use of the health or social system and cancer screening preventive programmes (45%) and health equity using a proxy variable (45%). Conclusions: There are many interventions aimed at mitigating health inequalities in Primary Care, although many of them are not directly applicable in our setting. More research is needed on the development of effective interventions through joint political, professional and community action, while continuing to put into practice those that are already applicable.
Keywords/Subjects:
intervenciones
Atención Primaria
desigualdades en salud
Knowledge area:
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Type of document:
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Access rights:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Appears in Collections:
TFG- Medicina



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