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Desarrollo de matrices híbridas multifuncionales: Aplicaciones biotecnológicas


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Título :
Desarrollo de matrices híbridas multifuncionales: Aplicaciones biotecnológicas
Autor :
Balah Tahiri, Ahmed
Tutor:
Martínez Tomé, María José
Esquembre Tomé, Rocío
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Agroquímica y Medio Ambiente
Fecha de publicación:
2024-09
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/33325
Resumen :
La calidad del agua es esencial para la salud humana y la de los ecosistemas. Los compuestos fenólicos representan uno de los mayores grupos de contaminantes entre los que se encuentran colorantes, fármacos y compuestos derivados de la fabricación de plásticos. Estos compuestos suelen ser poco biod...  Ver más
Water quality is essential for human health and ecosystem stability. Phenolic compounds represent one of the largest groups of contaminants, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and compounds derived from plastic manufacturing. These compounds are typically poorly biodegradable and, therefore, highly persistent. The use of the enzyme laccase offers an interesting alternative for the bioremediation of wastewater due to its broad oxidative spectrum against phenolic and aromatic compounds. However, to date, the industrial use of this enzyme is not widespread due to its difficulty in reuse and the need for heating to achieve effective catalysis. Immobilization in polymeric matrices could be a promising strategy to counteract some of these limitations. Additionally, recent studies have indicated a synergistic effect between plasmonic nanostructures, which can serve as potential supports that allow for photothermal control of enzymatic activity. In this Master's Thesis, hybrid materials with photothermal and catalytic capabilities have been developed. The materials were endowed with photothermal properties by utilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which were previously synthesized and characterized in aqueous solution and buffer, both uncoated and coated with two stabilizing polymers. The size and charge were studied using dynamic light scattering techniques, along with the plasmon wavelength and thermal response to laser irradiation. Laccase was used as a model enzyme for its catalytic properties and was characterized in solution by studying its conformational state, thermal stability, and catalytic activity. Both components were immobilized and characterized by synthesizing polymeric organic hydrogels based on acrylamide and inorganic silica matrices obtained through the sol-gel process. The results show that laccase immobilized in hydrogels and sol-gel matrices retains its structure, albeit with some reduction in enzymatic activity and thermal stability compared to the enzyme in solution. Additionally, PVP-coated AuNPs, once immobilized, maintained their photothermal properties, significantly increasing the medium's temperature under laser irradiation. While it is possible to further optimize enzymatic stability and activity within 3D matrices, this study lays the groundwork for the development of multifunctional hybrid matrices, having successfully co-immobilized both nanostructures in silica matrices.
Palabras clave/Materias:
Lacasa
nanopartículas de oro (AuNPs)
hidrogeles
sol-geles
inmovilización
caracterización
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias puras y naturales: Biología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFM-M.U en Biotecnología y Bioingeniería



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.