Resumen :
La granada ‘Mollar de Elche’ es una fruta muy cultivada en la cuenca del Mediterráneo y apreciada por sus propiedades tanto organolépticas como funcionales. Sin embargo, esta fruta sufre daños por frío (DPF) durante su almacenamiento a temperaturas inferiores a 5 °C, lo que reduce significativament... Ver más
The ‘Mollar de Elche’ pomegranate is a fruit widely cultivated in the Mediterranean basin and appreciated for its organoleptic and functional properties. However, this fruit suffers Chilling Injury (CI) during its storage at temperatures below 5 °C, which significantly reduces its quality. On the other hand, Brassinosteroids (Bras) are plant growth regulators and recent studies have demonstrated a reduction on CI in some fruits, increasing their shelf-life and postharvest quality. Thus, the main objective of the present study is the evaluation of the effect of Bras in preharvest on the tolerance to CI in 'Mollar de Elche' pomegranate fruit, in order to address this problem. For this purpose, two treatments were applied by foliar spraying: Control (trees treated with distilled water) and Bras at concentration 0.1 μM. Pomegranate fruits were stored at 2 °C and 85 % of relative humidity for 30, 60 and 90 days plus 2 days at 20 °C (shelf-life). The physico-chemical parameters evaluated were weight losses, respiration rate, external and internal chilling injury incidence, firmness, external and internal colour, total soluble solids content, total acidity, and ion leakage. In addition, the content of malondialdehyde acid (MDA), total phenolic compounds, total and individual anthocyanins, individual sugars and organic acids and the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of the hydrophilic phase was quantified. The results showed that preharvest treatment reduced the incidence of CI in pomegranate fruits stored for a prolonged storage period of 90 days in cold conditions by reducing ion leakage and MDA content. In addition, preharvest treatment with Bras increased the shelf-life throughout a delaying on losses of weight and firmness and reducing the respiration rate of the fruit. Finally, the treatment improved the nutritional and functional quality of fruits, increasing the content of organic acids and sugars, and stimulating the antioxidant system.
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