Abstract:
INTRODUCCIÓN: El paciente crítico es aquel que, debido a una determinada condición de salud,
se encuentra en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos mientras se resuelve su patología. De dicha
estancia se suelen derivar complicaciones, como la debilidad adquirida en la unidad de cuidados
intensivos (DAUCI... Ver más
INTRODUCTION: The critically ill patient is one who, due to a specific health condition, is
admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) while their underlying pathology is being addressed.
Complications often arise from their ICU stay, including Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness
(ICUAW). In these cases, physiotherapy can be a valuable tool in preventing or reducing ICUAW.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify which physiotherapy techniques are
most beneficial in preventing complications derived from ICUAW.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane
Library, and PEDro databases. A total of 904 articles were found, which were then reduced to
102 after applying filters. After removing duplicates, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,
and assessing methodological quality, 17 articles were analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 17 articles were analyzed, revealing that interventions such as cycle
ergometer exercise, functional electrical stimulation, passive tilt, range of motion exercises,
massage, blood flow restriction, and ventilator-driven hyperinflation were effective in improving
the functional status of critically ill patients when combined with a progressive active mobility
program.
CONCLUSION: Physiotherapy should be an integral part of the treatment for critically ill
patients. However, further research is needed to establish a comprehensive and safe protocol for
managing these patients, as the trials analyzed in this study differ in their approaches to the ideal
treatment.
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