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Terapia Cognitiva basada en Mindfulness para Dolor Crónico: revisión sistemática y eficacia diferencial con Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual


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Título :
Terapia Cognitiva basada en Mindfulness para Dolor Crónico: revisión sistemática y eficacia diferencial con Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual
Autor :
Pardos Gascón, Estela Maria  
Tutor:
van-der Hofstadt Román, Carlos Javier  
Leal Costa, César  
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Psicología de la Salud
Fecha de publicación:
2023-02-17
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/29207
Resumen :
Diversos estudios a lo largo del mundo estiman una prevalencia del dolor crónico en torno a un tercio de la población. En nuestro país su coste anual se ha llegado a estimar en torno al 2 y 2,8% del PIB. Asimismo, se asocia frecuentemente con problemas de salud mental común (sintomatología mixta), ...  Ver más
Several studies throughout the world estimate a prevalence of chronic pain around a third of the population. In our country, its annual cost has been estimated at between 2 and 2.8% of GDP. It is also frequently associated with common mental health problems (mixed symptomatology), opioid abuse, and suicide. In this context, the subjective nature of the experience and the influence of psychological factors on pain modulation opened the door to a psychological approach as coadjuvant therapy. Currently, the well-established treatment in this field is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), although previous literature highlights the role of Mindfulness-based interventions. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Chronic Pain (MBCT-CP) through a multicenter study, to subsequently analyze the differential efficacy with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Likewise, as a previous step, a systematic review of the differential efficacy studies was carried out, considering these two therapies, and observing the differences between the main medical conditions that involved chronic pain. For this, 3 studies are developed. Study 1. A systematic review of studies comparing CBT and mindfulness interventions, differentiating between studies with people with fibromyalgia, low back pain, and tension headache/migraine, from those studies that only indicate chronic pain not otherwise specified. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria (fibromyalgia, n = 5; low back pain, n = 5; headache/migraine, n = 4; unspecified chronic pain, n = 4). In fibromyalgia, mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (MBSR) was superior to treatment as usual and Fibroqol in impact and symptomatology. In low back pain, MBSR was superior to usual treatment, but not to CBT, in physical functionality and pain intensity. No studies of differential efficacy between mindfulness and CBT in headache and unspecified chronic pain were found, but mindfulness interventions were superior to usual treatment in these syndromes. It was concluded that mindfulness interventions are superior to usual treatment in all diagnoses, but it is not possible to conclude their superiority over CBT. There are few comparisons between mindfulness interventions, with MBSR being the most studied. In central sensitization syndromes, variables associated with pain tend to improve. Study 2. Quasi-experimental design of repeated pre-post measures of a multicenter nature (n=57), in three hospitals in the province of Alicante in which MBCT-CP is applied. Repeated-measures t-test indicated significant differences in presentmoment intensity, mental quality of life, and depression, as well as in self-efficacy (mean effect sizes). A significant improvement in sleep problems and amount was also seen (large effect size). The therapy is significant in reducing pain and associated symptoms in patients with chronic pain, although its long-term maintenance needs to be investigated. Study 3. The objective of this study is to evaluate the differential efficacy between Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Chronic Pain (MCBT-CP) and CBT. A quasi-experimental design of repeated measures was carried out with pre-post (n=57) and non-equivalent control group (n=105) from a previous cohort to which CBT had been applied. The T-test revealed significant improvements common to both groups, although differentially, quality of life improved significantly in the MBCT-CP group, while the amount, adequacy and the "optimal" variable of sleep improved more in the CBT group. Despite the variables in common that improved, a slight tendency to find large effect sizes was observed for the TCBM-DC group. Likewise, it was concluded that CBT was related to the improvement of variables related to sleep, while MBCT-CP was associated with improvement in pain and quality of life.
Palabras clave/Materias:
Dolor crónico
Terapia Cognitiva
Mindfulness
Dolor Crónico
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Filosofía y psicología: Psicología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias de la Salud



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