Resumen :
Actualmente, existe interés en aplicar tecnología como exoesqueletos y unidades de medición inercial (IMUs) para apoyar en el proceso de rehabilitación físico-motora. La marcha se divide en las fases de apoyo (FAP) y balanceo (FBP) (Cárdenas & Molina, 2021), subdivididas en contacto inicial (CI), a... Ver más
Currently, there is interest in applying technology such as exoskeletons and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to support the physical-motor rehabilitation process. Gait is divided into support (FAP) and swing (FBP) phases (Cárdenas & Molina, 2021), subdivided into initial contact (CI), initial support (AI), medium support (AM), final support (AF) , pre-swing (PB), initial sway (BI), middle sway (BM) and final sway (BF). This study develops an algorithm in MATLAB that detects gait subphases for each leg using three IMUs to measure left and right thigh and lumbar acceleration. The algorithm first removes the linear trend from the measurements and uses a fourth-order low-pass Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 7 Hz to analyze representative gait components. The CWT is then used to approximate the first and second derivatives of the signals, and their minima and maxima are used to detect the CI, AF, PB, BI, and BM subphases. In the continuous walk in healthy subjects on the ground, the percentages of the subphases with respect to the gait cycle were for the right leg of 36% for AF, 53.1% for PB, 62.6% for BI and 78.1% for BM, with similar values for the left leg and a total of 60.4±4.9% for FAP and 39.6±4.9% for FBP, which agrees with other studies (Herrero, A., 2017). In the future, it is desired to extend the algorithm to detect the remaining subphases (AI, AM and BF) and it is expected that this detection will allow personalized assistance with exoskeletons to users with motor disabilities.
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