Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11000/28474

Frecuencia y caracterización de colonizaciones e infecciones por enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasas


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Title:
Frecuencia y caracterización de colonizaciones e infecciones por enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasas
Authors:
Hernández Soria, Andrea
Tutor:
Gutiérrez Rodero, Félix
Ortiz De La Tabla Ducasse, Victoria
Editor:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Department:
Departamentos de la UMH::Medicina Clínica
Issue Date:
2022-02-06
URI:
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/28474
Abstract:
Introducción La resistencia a antibióticos ha aumentado progresivamente en las últimas décadas hasta llegar a la situación actual, en la que se observan casos de bacterias resistentes a todas las opciones terapéuticas existentes, incluidos los carbapenémicos. Objetivos El objetivo principal de este...  Ver más
Background Antibiotic resistance has progressively increased in recent decades until reaching the current situation, in which cases of bacteria resistant to all existing therapeutic options, including carbapenems, are observed. Objectives The main objective of this study is to analyze the frequency and characterization of infections and colonizations by carbapenemase-producing bacteria. Material and methods Retrospective descriptive observational study including patients in whom the presence of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria was detected at the San Juan University Hospital in the period from 2018 to 2020. From these patients, data was collected on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history and clinical characteristics, including previous antibiotic use and severity of infection, comorbidities, and treatments administered. Results In the period studied, 55 strains of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were isolated, which represents 3.59 cases per 1000 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. Of these, 55.3% were colonizations and 44.7% corresponded to patients with infection. The main source of these bacteria was the urinary tract, this supposing more than 50% of the isolates. The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension, neurological disease, DM, cancer, and DLP. The most prevalent microorganism was K. pneumoniae and the most frequently isolated carbapenemase was OXA-48. The antibiotics with the highest in vitro activity were amikacin, colistin, tigecycline, and meropenem. And those with a higher rate of resistance were amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefazolin, and piperacillin-tazobactam. Mortality in our study was 25%. The two factors that were associated with a higher probability of death were age and cancer. In contrast, being an institutionalized patient or having received adequate antibiotic treatment were associated with lower mortality. Conclusions Carbapenemase-producing bacteria already account for an appreciable proportion of the isolates of enterobacteria in a general hospital. They are preferentially detected in older patients with comorbidities, these being the patients who die the most.
Keywords/Subjects:
Bacterias productoras de carbapenemasas
Resistencia antibiótica
Resistencia a carbapenémicos
Enterobacterales
Knowledge area:
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Type of document:
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Access rights:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Appears in Collections:
TFG- Medicina



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