Resumen :
La esteatosis hepática (EH) es una enfermedad cuya prevalencia está en aumento y que está muy
ligada a la epidemia global que supone la obesidad y el síndrome metabólico. Con el avance de las
terapias antirretrovirales (ART), se ha descrito en los últimos años un aumento de la prevalencia de
EH en ... Ver más
Liver steatosis (LS) prevalence is increasing and it is closely associated with global epidemic of
obesity and metabolic syndrome. With the development of antiretroviral therapies (ART), an increase
in the LS prevalence in HIV-infected patients has been described in recent years. However, liver fat
estimating methods are not used in the follow-up of these patients.
Objective: To estimate the LS prevalence, using direct and indirect methods, in HIV-infected patients,
and to determine risk factors and predictors.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. We included HIV-infected patients followed-up by the
HGUE’s UEI service. First, LS prevalence analysis was performed using clinical-analytical indexes
(considering LS as HSI ≥ 36) with data from the associated clinical and analytical database (Software
ACyH(R)). Another LS prevalence comparative analysis, using transient elastography (considering LS
as CAP ≥ 263 dB/m), was performed between HIV-infected patients and a control group.
Results: 485 patients were included in the clinical-analytical indexes analysis and 59 patients were
included in the transient elastography comparative analysis. The prevalence of LS in subjects with
HIV infection measured by the HSI index was 35.86%. The prevalence of LS in the HIV group
measured by Fibroscan(R) was 41.03%. Higher levels of BMI [OR (IC95%); 1,33 (1,028 - 1,727)],
waist circumference, triglycerides, glucose, hypertension [OR (IC95%); 1,81 (1,111 - 2,977)], diabetes
and insulin resistance [OR (IC95%); 1,81 (1,421 - 4,294)] were associated with HD, whereas HIV
immuno-virological parameters showed no association. HSI and FLI indexes showed a significant
(p-value < 0.001) and moderate correlation (0.583 and 0.664 respectively) with the CAP.
Conclusions: There is a significant prevalence of LS in people living with HIV infection. Metabolic
syndrome is a determining factor in its development, although it is suggested that there is an
underlying pathophysiological mechanism caused by HIV. There are some clinical-analytical indexes
that constitute a simple and practical tool to stratify the risk of LS in these patients.
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