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Efecto modulador de Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 sobre la respuesta inflamatoria y la traslocación bacteriana en la cirrosis


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Título :
Efecto modulador de Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 sobre la respuesta inflamatoria y la traslocación bacteriana en la cirrosis
Autor :
Moratalla Fernández, Alba
Tutor:
Francés Guarinos, Rubén José
Such Ronda, José
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Biología Aplicada
Fecha de publicación:
2016-02-29
URI :
http://hdl.handle.net/11000/5188
Resumen :
Antecedentes La traslocación bacteriana (TB) es un fenómeno frecuente en la cirrosis y es considerada el mecanismo por el que se desarrollan complicaciones graves de la enfermedad, tales como la peritonitis bacteriana espontánea (PBE). Los episodios de TB provocan una estimulación mantenida del Sis...  Ver más
Background Bacterial translocation is a frequent event related to severe complications in cirrhosis. Bacterial translocation episodes cause a continuous stimulation of the Immune System, perpetuating both intestinal and systemic inflammation. Specific intestinal microbiota intervention, using different bacterial strains, is considered to be a potential supplementary strategy to ameliorate cirrhosis and its complications. Objectives The aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 strain (CECT7765) on hepatic and intestinal tissues, and its impact on bacterial translocation rate in an experimental model of cirrhosis. Additionally, we aimed to delineate the interaction between CECT7765 and intestinal lymphocytes in this model, as well as to study its effect on the function of human macrophages in vitro. Methods Two protocols of experimental liver damage were carried out by the intragastric administration of CCl4 in mice during 12 weeks. In the first protocol, animals received CECT7765 with a concentration of 109 CFU/day or placebo. In addition, all the animals were given E.coli (107 CFU, in a single dose) intragastrically 24 hours before laparotomy. In the second protocol, animals received increasing amounts of CECT7765 (107, 109 or 1010 UFC/ day) or placebo intragastrically. In both cases, a control group of animals didn’t receive any treatment. In a separate study, 10 patients with cirrhosis and ascites were included together with 10 healthy controls. Peripheral blood monocyte-derived and ascitic fluid macrophages were isolated and stimulated with M-CSF (100 ug/ml), LPS (100 ng/ml) and/or CECT7765 (104 CFU) in vitro. Also, Kupffer cells from rats treated with CCl4 and subjected to bile duct ligation were evaluated. Results Bacterial translocation rate and endotoxin levels were significantly reduced in animals treated with CECT7765, while intestinal wall integrity markers and anti-inflammatory mediators in intestinal wall samples were significantly increased compared with animals receiving only CCl4. Administration of CECT7765 significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory chemokine receptors in intestinal lymphocytes and induced a repolarization towards an anti-inflammatory profile of these cells. TLR-2 was involved in this inflammatory modulation. The intestinal permeability reduction observed was validated by a lower LPS-FITC recovery rate after CECT7765 administration. Inflammation and liver function were improved by the CECT7765 treatment, but only with high doses (1010 UFC). CECT7765-treated macrophages showed significant morphological changes and an increase in the expression of the M2-like macrophages surface markers CD206, CD163 and CD16, which was not observed after treatment with LPS. CECT7765 was also able to significantly change the cytokine secretion pattern of blood-derived and ascitic fluid macrophages, as well as of Kupffer cells from BDL and CCl4 cirrhotic rats, compared with that induced by LPS. Moreover, CECT7765 led to the expression of anti-inflammatory genes in ascitic fluid macrophages even after LPS pretreatment. CECT7765 didn’t reduce ascitic fluid macrophage capacity of bacterial killing. Conclusions CECT7765 administration is associated with the recovery of the intestinal wall integrity and reduced bacterial translocation rate. Also, it improves intestinal homeostasis reducing the pro-inflammatory activity of intestinal lymphocytes in an experimental model of cirrhosis. CECT7765 induces a morphological, phenotypic and functional transition of peripheral blood monocyte-derived and ascitic fluid macrophages of patients with cirrhosis towards an anti-inflammatory profile.
Palabras clave/Materias:
traslocación bacteriana
cirrosis
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias puras y naturales: Biología: Biología celular y subcelular. Citología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias e Ingenierías



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