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Caracterización y uso de coproductos de la industria avícola como ingredientes potencialmente funcionales en la producción de productos cárnicos más saludables


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Título :
Caracterización y uso de coproductos de la industria avícola como ingredientes potencialmente funcionales en la producción de productos cárnicos más saludables
Autor :
Peña-Saldarriaga, Lina M.
Tutor:
Fernandez-Lopez, Juana  
Pérez-Alvarez, José Angel  
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Tecnología Agroalimentaria
Fecha de publicación:
2021-01-27
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/34505
Resumen :
Cada día los colombianos consumen más huevo y más carne de pollo, convirtiendo estas dos proteínas en la base fundamental de su dieta. Así lo demuestran las cifras de la Federación Nacional de Avicultores de Colombia, que indican que para 2019 el sector avícola tuvo un crecimiento del 4% con respec...  Ver más
Every day Colombians consume more eggs and more chicken meat, making these two proteins the fundamental basis of their diet. This is shown by the figures from the National Federation of Poultry Farmers of Colombia, which indicate that for 2019 the poultry sector had a growth of 4% compared to 2018. For 2019 the record figure of 1,693,178 tons was reached. Per capita chicken consumption was 36.47 kilograms in 2019 and this figure is expected to continue increasing in 2020. In Colombia there is still a great margin of growth in chicken consumption because in countries like Chile or Brazil, per capita consumption exceeds 40 kg. The consumption of chicken meat consolidates this protein as the preferred among the meats consumed by Colombians. In Colombia there is a diversity of poultry by-product processing companies that make multiple mixtures of them to obtain a product that meets the nutritional ranges for the production of functional foods The by-products generated in the slaughter processes in the poultry industry are composed of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, water, salts, minerals, vitamins, etc., of high biological value and interesting techno-properties for the food industry in general and industry. meat especially. As the poultry industry in Colombia expands, the amount of by-products / co-products generated increases and it is necessary to think about new and innovative waste processing systems that do not affect the environment, resulting in the development of new technologies and processes to handle poultry by-products that preserve water quality and promote a sustainable environment considering both animal welfare, hygiene and food safety as well as the social environment and well-being of the Colombian population. This research assesses the influence of diet on the lipid profile of abdominal fat and gizzard fat in "parrilleros" chickens for mass consumption in Colombia. All this to generate a value strategy in the national poultry agroindustrial chain, for the application of chicken fat as a functional ingredient in formulations of meat sausages that allow to enhance their consumption, thus achieving the obtaining of products that provide high nutritional value. The work was carried out in accordance with Colombian animal welfare regulations, using industrial procedures for slaughter, carcass management and viscera obtaining, all following the technical and hygienic standards stipulated in the Colombian sanitary regulations that regulate the slaughter of birds. The bromatological and fatty acid composition analyses of the fatty by-products of the chicken, as well as of the processed product, were carried out following the guidelines of the Colombian technical standards. The physico-chemical parameters of the fatty by-products of the chicken and sausages were carried out following the protocols of internationally accepted standards. Microbiological and sensory analyses of the products produced were carried out following the guidelines of the Colombian technical standards For the lipid profile of the fatty by-products of chicken, no statistical differences were found between farms despite the factors associated with the ten different geographical locations, the birds were always fed with a similar diet Emulsified and cooked chicken sausage s (typical Colombian) were produced in which the traditional fat (chicken skin) was replaced by the fatty by-products of the chicken at different percentages (40 and 50%). Regarding the characterization of chicken sausages, there were no significant differences in texture parameters (TPA) between sausages. Sausages with 50% fat showed significant differences in lightness (L*), red/green coordinate (a*) and yellow/blue (b*) with respect to control sausages. These differences were also detected by sensory analysis. The panelists detected differences between both sausages in other important attributes such as smell / smell and taste of meat. Sausages with 40% fat showed color differences, compared to the control sausages, only for the b* coordinate, but these differences were not detected sensorially. In view of these results, chicken fat by-products could be used as a fatty ingredient in sausage formulations to partially or totally replace the solid fat sources traditionally used for their higher concentrations of saturated fatty acids. The results of this study show that fatty by-products from chicken could be used as substitutes for chicken skin in chicken emulsion type sausages The use of by-products obtained from slaughterhouses is a competitive market advantage for food companies that use chicken fat as a raw material in the formulation of sausage meat products. Thus generating a sustainable productive cycle that allows to strengthen each of the links of the poultry agro-industrial chain in Colombia, taking advantage of the waste produced and betting on the production of food of high nutritional value, cleanest and most organized in the country
Notas:
Programa de Doctorado en Recursos y Tecnologías Agrarias, Agroambientales y Alimentarias
Palabras clave/Materias:
Alimentos funcionales
Embutidos cárnicos
Industria avícola
Pollos
Subproductos avícolas
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias e Ingenierías



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.