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Impacto del entrenamiento de fuerza en la salud ósea: Revisión de estrategias recientes y su eficacia


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Title:
Impacto del entrenamiento de fuerza en la salud ósea: Revisión de estrategias recientes y su eficacia
Authors:
Richart Claramonte, Marcos
Tutor:
Martínez Canto, Alicia
Editor:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Department:
Departamentos de la UMH::Ciencias del Deporte
Issue Date:
2024-06
URI:
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/32851
Abstract:
Objetivo: Analizar la literatura más reciente sobre los programas de entrenamiento de fuerza dirigidos a mujeres postmenopáusicas con baja densidad mineral ósea, con especial atención en la comparación de distintos enfoques de entrenamiento. El objetivo es confirmar si el entrenamiento de fuerza de...  Ver más
Objective: Analyze the most recent literature on strength training programs aimed at postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density, with particular emphasis on comparing different training approaches. The objective is to determine whether high-intensity strength training is the only type of training capable of improving bone health in this population, as compared to other possible strength training programs with various strategies and/or intensities. Additionally, this review seeks to identify the most current strength training strategies that have yielded positive results, with the aim of developing a comprehensive strength training program that incorporates the guidelines from the strategies studied in this review to improve bone health in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density. Method: Systematic review of clinical trials or randomized controlled trials following the PRISMA guidelines, conducting a literature search in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and SportDiscuss) using keywords with Boolean operators, from 2013 to the present. Inclusion criteria was postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (T-Score < -1.0). Results: The review included 7 studies. One of them has been rejected after analysis due to a high risk of bias. High-intensity strength training programs (70-85% of 1RM) were the most effective for improving bone health in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density. A program of moderate intensity alternating intensities within the same set (70% and 50% of 1RM) showed significant improvements despite being of moderate intensity. Another maximum strength training program was effective in a short intervention time and was safe when applied under professional supervision. A low-intensity strength training program applying blood flow restriction showed significant improvements in bone remodelling biomarkers. Conclusion: It is concluded that high-intensity strength training is the best strategy for improving bone health in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density. However, moderate-intensity programs with a specific strategy or low-intensity programs with blood flow restriction may also be effective strategies, primarily for postmenopausal women with very low bone mineral density.
Keywords/Subjects:
osteoporosis
baja densidad mineral ósea
entrenamiento de fuerza
low bone mineral density
strength training
Knowledge area:
CDU: Bellas artes: Diversiones. Espectáculos. Cine. Teatro. Danza. Juegos.Deportes
Type of document:
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Access rights:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Appears in Collections:
TFG - CC. de la Actividad Física y el Deporte



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