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Evaluación de la influencia de compost ecológico, cubiertas vegetales y ganado en la calidad del suelo en el contexto de la agricultura ecológica


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Título :
Evaluación de la influencia de compost ecológico, cubiertas vegetales y ganado en la calidad del suelo en el contexto de la agricultura ecológica
Autor :
García Villalobos, Carmen
Tutor:
Madejón Rodríguez, Engracia
Lozano de Sosa, Laura  
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Agroquímica y Medio Ambiente
Fecha de publicación:
2023-09
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/29921
Resumen :
El presente trabajo fin de máster se enfoca en las estrategias de manejo representativas de la agricultura ecológica (AE) para la gestión de agroecosistemas en sintonía con las directivas europeas más recientes. Así, se pretende potenciar prácticas agronómicas sostenibles diseñadas para preservar l...  Ver más
This master's thesis focuses on representative management strategies of organic farming (OA) to manage and use agroecosystems in line with the most recent European directives. Thus, it is intended to promote sustainable agronomic practices designed to preserve organic matter and soil nutrients, maintain production and increase the resilience of ecosystems in the face of global change. Specifically, this study focuses on evaluating the effects of compost addition, plant covers (sown and spontaneous) and the presence of livestock on soil quality and fertility. For this, an experiment was designed in pots using soil from a model farm (Cortijo El Puerto, Seville) dedicated to the cultivation of organic olive groves. For this, a complete characterization of this compost was carried out and after its application, 3 cover crops were established where artificial urine was also applied to simulate cattle excrement. Two soil samples were undertaken, one after the addition of compost and the other once the cover crops were developed and urine was added. Soil physicochemical and biochemical parameters were analyzed. The compost analysis showed that this was a very mature material, with high nutrient content and low heavy metal content. Its high maturity explains its low organic matter content compared to what can be expected for this type of material. In the first soil sampling, it was found that the compost increased soil water retention capacity and its carbon and nutrient content. This fact explained that the compost yielded higher biomass, both planted and spontaneous. The biochemical properties of the soil were not affected by the addition of the compost. In the second sampling, it was observed that the vegetation cover was the most influential factor in the quality of the soil. On the other hand, cattle stools had little or no influence on enzyme activities, except for dehydrogenase, which was positively affected by this factor. The application of the compost produced a certain inhibitory effect on some enzymatic activities. Although long-term field studies are needed, this work shows that the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices, taking into account previous soil analyzes and calculating the appropriate doses, can be crucial in improving the quality and resilience of agrosystems
Palabras clave/Materias:
Agricultura ecológica
Compostaje
Cubiertas vegetales
Suelos agrícolas
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Agricultura. Silvicultura. Zootecnia. Caza. Pesca: Agricultura. Agronomía. Maquinaria agrícola. Suelos. Edafología agrícola
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFM - M.U Gestión, Tratamiento y Valorización de Residuos Orgánicos.



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