Abstract:
Introducción: La enfermedad diverticular del colon (EDC) es muy frecuente en nuestro
medio. De modo preferente, afecta al colon sigmoide. La mayoría de los pacientes se
controlan con tratamiento conservador, pero en los que precisan intervención quirúrgica,
la colectomía sigmoidea es uno de los ... Ver más
Introduction: Diverticular disease of the colon (DDC) is very common in our
environment. Preferably, it affects the sigmoid colon. Most patients are treated with
conservative treatment, but in those who require surgical intervention, sigmoid
colectomy is one of the main treatments and anastomotic dehiscence (AD) is one of the
most important and feared complications. There are conflicting results in the literature
regarding the different risk factors (RF) related to the development of AD.
Objective: To study whether there are differences in a series of clinical and/or surgical
variables between patients who develop anastomotic dehiscence and those who do not,
after being treated for diverticular disease of the colon with colon resection and
reconstruction of the digestive tract.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, observational, and analytical clinical
study. The data were obtained from patients operated on for DDC in the General Surgery
Department of the University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante (HUSJA) with colon
resection and anastomosis from September 2016 to December 2022. The patients were
divided into two groups: those who developed AD after the intervention, and those who
did not, comparing different demographic, clinical, and surgical variables between them.
Results: The sample consisted of a total of 68 patients who underwent EDC with
resection and anastomosis during the study period. Based on the information derived
from the total sample, we found that the median age was 58 years, with most male
patients (58.8%). The most prevalent comorbidity was tobacco use (32.4%), 94.1% of
the patients underwent elective surgery, and laparotomy was used as the surgical
approach in 92.6% of cases, with manual anastomosis being the main type used (72%).
Thirteen patients (19.1% of the sample) presented with anastomotic dehiscence (AD).
The median postoperative day on which AD occurred was 13 days, and the majority were
treated and resolved with conservative therapy. These patients had a prolonged hospital
stay, with a median duration of 16 days. Statistically significant differences were found
when comparing the AD and non-AD groups in several variables, such as perioperative
transfusions (p=0.003), PCR levels on the third postoperative day (p<0.01), non-AD
postoperative complications (p=0.035), and hospitalization duration (p=0.013). On the other hand, no differences were found in other variables such as surgical approach, type
of intervention, or surgeon-related variables, among others.
Conclusions: Statistically significant differences were found in patients who developed
AD for the variables of perioperative transfusions, PCR levels on the third postoperative
day, non-AD postoperative complications, and hospitalization duration.
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