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Análisis del perfil de seguridad de las vacunas de ARNm contra la COVID-19


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Título :
Análisis del perfil de seguridad de las vacunas de ARNm contra la COVID-19
Autor :
Argüello Casas, Paula
Tutor:
Zapater, Pedro  
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Farmacología, Pediatría y Química Orgánica
Fecha de publicación:
2023-05-14
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/29592
Resumen :
Objetivos. Caracterizar los eventos adversos infrecuentes y potencialmente graves de las vacunas Comirnaty y Spikevax identificados en los programas de farmacovigilancia y analizar su influencia en la relación beneficio-riesgo en distintos escenarios. Comparar las características de los eventos adv...  Ver más
Objectives. To identify and characterise infrequent and potentially serious adverse events of Comirnaty and Spikevax vaccines which have been identified in pharmacovigilance programs and analyzing possible changes in the benefit-risk ratio in different situations. To compare the characteristics of the adverse events found in the pharmacovigilance programs with those identified in the initial studies prior to the vaccines authorization. Methods. All Comirnaty and Spikevax vaccines evaluations and safety reports published by the EMA have been reviewed. We have analyzed the benefit-risk ratio of the adverse event myopericarditis in our setting by performing an observed-expected analysis with data based on the incidence of myopericarditis in the unvaccinated Valencian Community population and data on the cases of post-vaccination myopericarditis from the literature. These results have been linked to the number of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths. Results. Adverse events which have been detected in clinical trials are self-limited and not serious. Of those ones detected through pharmacovigilance we have focused on myocarditis-pericarditis. In the observed-expected analysis we notice an increase in the cases of myocarditis-pericarditis observed within the 28 days after vaccination in relation to what was expected for both vaccines and in all age groups. Additionally, in the age group of 12 to 39 years, the benefit-risk balance of vaccination may not be favourable. Conclusions. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines pharmacovigilance have detected numerous adverse events that were not detected before vaccines commercialisation. Some of them, such as myopericarditis, may modify the benefit/risk ratio of vaccination in certain population groups. The lack of data on adverse events, as a consequence of under-reporting, makes it difficult to carry out an adequate risk/benefit assessment.
Palabras clave/Materias:
vacunas de RNAm contra la COVID-19
farmacovigilancia
miocarditis
pericarditis
seguridad de las vacunas
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG- Medicina



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