Abstract:
Introducción y objetivos: El carcinoma broncogénico (CB) es un problema sanitario muy
grave, con una alta prevalencia mundial. El impacto de la enfermedad en España ha sido
muy diferente entre hombres y mujeres, ya que tradicionalmente la prevalencia era
mucho más baja en mujeres. Sin embargo, esta... Ver más
Introduction and objectives: Bronchogenic carcinoma (BC) is a serious health problem,
with a high prevalence worldwide. The impact of the disease in Spain has been very
different between men and women, as the prevalence has traditionally been much lower
in women. Nevertheless, this trend is being affected in recent decades as the differences
between men and women have narrowed. The objective of this project is to analyze the
differences in the characteristics of patients diagnosed with bronchogenic neoplasia in our
hospital during the years 2008 – 2021 and to assess the influence of gender.
Material and methods: We retrospectively evaluated the cases of (BC) presented to the
tumor committee of the Hospital of San Juan over the last 13 years, dividing the patients
into two groups according to gender: BC in men (A) and BC in women (B). We analyzed the
demographic characteristics, as well as the differences in the debut of the disease and the
evolution throughout the period.
Results: For this study 1343 patients, 992 (74%) men and 351 (26%) women were
analyzed. Age of presentation was 68 ± 10 years in group A and 65 ± 11 years in group B (p
< 0.001), with 4.5% of group A and 9.4% of group B (p < 0.01) being younger than 50 years.
The pack-year index was 57 ± 33 in group A and 43 ± 21 in group B (p < 0.001). The
proportion of non-smokers was 4.8 % in group A and 26.5 % in group B (p < 0.001). In
terms of histology, we divided the patients into groups: epidermoid carcinoma,
adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated small cell carcinoma, undifferentiated large cell
carcinoma, undifferentiated non-small cell carcinoma, bronchioloalveolar and other
carcinomas, with the percentage of each of these in group A being 41%, 25%, 12%, 7.5%,
3% 1.1 % and 6% respectively, and in group B: 28 %, 37.6%, 12.3%, 7%, 1.4%, 1% and 10%,
with adenocarcinoma being significantly higher in women (p < 0.001) and epidermoid in
men (p < 0.001). 42% of group A had distant metastases at diagnosis, compared to 46% of
group B (p = ns), with pleural metastases being more frequent in group B (p < 0.05), with
no differences in other locations. Throughout the period, there was an upward trend in
adenocarcinoma in women, while epidermoid cancer remained stable.
Conclusions: This study shows that a quarter part of patients diagnosed with BC were
women. The age of onset was somewhat younger, but the percentage of women who
debut before the age of 50 was significantly higher than that of men. In our study,
epidermoid carcinoma is the most frequent in men and adenocarcinoma in women, with a
tendency to increase over time. In women, the disease appears to be more aggressive in
its pleural debut, although the stage at diagnosis is less advanced than in men.
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