Resumen :
La necrosis térmica del hueso, también llamada, osteonecrosis térmica, es un trastorno
que resulta en la muerte del tejido, se presenta cuando la temperatura en el hueso supera
los 47º𝐶 durante más de 50 segundos, este es el umbral mayormente aceptado en la
literatura. Una de las varias razones qu... Ver más
Thermal necrosis of bone, also called thermal osteonecrosis, is a disorder that results in tissue
death and occurs when the temperature in the bone exceeds 47°𝐶 for more than 50 seconds,
which is the most widely accepted threshold in the literature. One of the several reasons
that can cause a temperature increase is the cutting or machining of bone, during medical
interventions that require it. Bone grinding is a technique used primarily in neurosurgery
or medical procedures where special care must be taken because of the tissues that may
be affected during bone cutting. In the literature reviewed during the development of this
work, it can be seen that most of the studies focused on this technique are experimental
procedures with animal bones. According to the above, a need is identified for studies, such
as this research work, oriented to the simulation of this process, which is a basis for defining
acceptable bone grinding parameters in real practice and that serves as an initial guide
for the medical specialist. In this work, a model of bone grinding was implemented and
developed in the Comsol Multiphysics software, which allows for solving finite element
models combining different physical phenomena. Several simulations of the model were
performed, changing grinding parameters such as the tool displacement speed concerning
the bone, the rotation of the drill, and the force or load applied to the bone through the drill.
The results obtained showed that certain combinations of parameters can raise the bone
temperature beyond 47º𝐶, causing considerable damage to the bone tissue. In contrast, other
configurations showed very promising results, raising the bone temperature a few degrees
during a range of time that does not represent a danger to bone integrity.
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