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Prevención indicada de los problemas emocionales infantiles: Eficacia del programa transdiagnóstico Super Skills For Life en modalidad grupal e individual


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Título :
Prevención indicada de los problemas emocionales infantiles: Eficacia del programa transdiagnóstico Super Skills For Life en modalidad grupal e individual
Autor :
Melero Soriano, Silvia
Tutor:
Orgilés, Mireia  
Espada Sánchez, José Pedro
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Ciencias del Deporte
Fecha de publicación:
2021-11-12
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/27500
Resumen :
Los problemas emocionales, como la ansiedad y depresión, se encuentran entre las dificultades psicológicas más comunes en la etapa escolar. Si no son detectadas y tratadas a tiempo, tienden a persistir y cronificarse. La comorbilidad entre ambos trastornos es frecuente y conlleva graves consecuenci...  Ver más
Emotional problems, such as anxiety and depression, are among the most common psychological difficulties at the school stage. If not detected and treated in time, they tend to persist and become chronic. Comorbidity between both disorders frequently occurs and results in serious consequences. The early onset of these internalizing problems, and the impairment in children's lives, emphasizes the need to explore psychopathology in this population to identify the most vulnerable profiles and implement preventive measures at this age, especially from a transdiagnostic perspective. However, these interventions are scarce, especially in Spain. The main objective of this Doctoral Thesis was to explore how psychological difficulties appear in children and to evaluate the efficacy of a transdiagnostic intervention aimed at the prevention of emotional and comorbid problems in childhood. To this end, six descriptive and experimental studies were carried out with samples of Spanish primary school children, both in school and clinical settings. The specific objectives of these studies are described below. The first aim was to detect patterns of psychological difficulties and strengths in the Spanish school population and to identify risk profiles. This objective was addressed through Publication 1, which consisted of exploring the diversity of symptom profiles in a sample of children aged 7 to 12 years through a latent class analysis. The results evidenced the sample heterogeneity after obtaining five latent class profiles: High Difficulties, Externalizing, Internalizing, Hyperactive and Well-adjusted. The High Difficulties subtype presented comorbid symptoms and a more elevated risk of psychopathology. The second objective encompasses three studies corresponding to Publication 2, Publication 3, and Publication 4, and consisted of analyzing the factors involved in the effectiveness of the Super Skills for Life (SSL) program in its group version, as well as its effects depending on the participants' symptom profile. The results evidenced the effectiveness of the program in improving the children's social performance, especially boys, although girls showed better social skills. The protocol was effective when applied with both high and low fidelity, although more beneficial effects were obtained with high implementation fidelity. The different self-concept dimensions had a mediating effect on the intervention's effectiveness. The younger children showed more severe difficulties and a slower response to treatment. The profile of children with social anxiety improved their internalizing and externalizing symptomatology to a greater extent. The third aim was to adapt and validate the SSL program in individual modality and evaluate its effectiveness in reducing emotional difficulties and improving the schoolchildren's social behavior. In order to achieve this objective, two studies were carried out corresponding to Publication 5 and Publication 6, whose results showed preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of the SSL individual version in improving children's symptoms of depression, anxiety, and other difficulties, as well as their social performance (especially in girls). In conclusion, the findings derived from this Doctoral Thesis have important implications at the research, clinical and educational levels because: 1) they represent an advance in the understanding of the child and adolescent mental health; 2) they provide more scientific evidence on the effectiveness of the transdiagnostic approach to emotional difficulties in children; and 3) they promote the implementation of an empirically validated intervention in different modalities and settings for the indicated prevention of children's emotional problems.
Notas:
Programa de Doctorado en Deporte y Salud
Palabras clave/Materias:
Problemas emocionales
Ansiedad
Depresión
Niños
Prevención transdiagnóstica
Super Skills for Life.
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Filosofía y psicología: Psicología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias de la Salud



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.