Abstract:
Los trabajadores del mar forma un colectivo amplio y diverso que está expuesto a riesgos para la seguridad y salud como consecuencia de su actividad laboral. Los riesgos son muy variados, abarcando desde los riesgos físicos a los psicosociales. Las consecuencias para la seguridad y salud de estos t... Ver más
Introduction: Seafarers are a large and diverse group of workers who are exposed to health
and safety risks as a result of their work. The risks are very varied, ranging from physical
risks to psychosocial risk factors. The consequences for the health and safety of these
workers require a synthesis of recent studies on the risks to which they are exposed.
Objectives: The general objective of this study is to review the literature on occupational
accidents and occupational diseases of seafarers, describing the risks to which seafarers are
exposed, with attention also to the psychosocial risks of this group. Methodology: A
systematic review was carried out in electronic databases (PubMed, ProQuest Central,
Academic Search Premier and Web of Science) in the period 2011-2021 of clinical trials,
cross-sectional descriptive studies, retrospective studies, prospective studies, meta-analyses
and literature reviews. Results: Using the literature search strategy, a total of 297
documents were found, of which 12 were selected for the review. Most of them are
descriptive cross-sectional studies, although there are also two longitudinal studies and one
systematic review. The risks to which workers are exposed are very diverse, including noise
and vibration, toxic habits, exposure to harmful substances, overwork, isolation, long working
hours, confined space and others. These risks are related to stress, cardiovascular diseases,
metabolic diseases, dermatological diseases, injuries, sleep and eating disorders.
Conclusions: It is necessary to apply the basic tools of the prevention plan, assessment and
planning of preventive activity in order to preserve the safety and health of seafarers.
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