https://hdl.handle.net/11000/422 2026-07-24T22:14:32Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40256 Título : Total and different types of olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and cognitive function changes in older adults Autor : Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K.; BABIO SÁNCHEZ, NANCY; Belzer, Clara; Vioque, Jesús; Corella, Dolores; Hernando Redondo, Javier; Vidal, Josep; Moreno-Indias, Isabel; Compañ Gabucio, Laura M; Coltell, Oscar; Fitó, Montse; Toledo, Estefanía; Wang, Dong D.; Tinahones, Francisco J Resumen : Background: Over the past decade, emerging evidence has shed light on the role of the gut microbiota in the interface between diet and brain health. Olive oil, particularly virgin olive oil, a key component and major fat source in the Mediterranean diet, has exhibited widespread healthful benefits, including improvements in gut microbiota and cognitive health. Despite insights from preclinical studies into the relationship between virgin olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and cognitive function, human research in this area remains limited. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the interplay between total olive oil consumption and its subtypes, gut microbiota, and changes in cognitive function in older adults who were cognitively healthy at baseline but at high risk of cognitive decline. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we assessed a total of 656 participants aged 55 to 75y (mean age 65.0 ± 4.9y, 47.9% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome who provided stool samples and completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and at a 2-y follow-up. Results: Results from the multivariable linear regression models showed that higher consumption of virgin olive oil was associated with improved cognitive function over a 2-y follow-up, and a more diverse gut microbiota overall structure at baseline. Conversely, increased consumption of common olive oil is linked to lower alpha diversity of the microbial communities, and accelerated cognitive decline. Mediation analysis suggests that gut microbiota and particularly the Adlercreutzia, may serve as a mediator taxon in the association between virgin olive oil consumption and positive changes in general cognitive function. Conclusions: Higher consumption of virgin olive oil was associated with cognitive preservation, possibly mediated by favorable alterations in gut microbiota composition. Our study provides novel insights into the complex interplay between different types of olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and changes in cognitive function. These findings underscore the potential of microbiota-targeted dietary strategies to promote cognitive health in aging populations, though further high-quality and clinical cohort studies are required. Video Abstract. 2026-07-21T12:14:09Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40255 Título : Dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year changes in cognitive function in older adults with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome Autor : Vázquez-Lorente, Héctor; Ni, Jiaqi; Paz Graniel, Indira; Toledo, Estefanía; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, Olga; Martínez, J. Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesús; Romaguera, Dora; López‑Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramón; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José Resumen : The protective role of dietary vitamin D intake on cognitive function is of interest, but evidence remains inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year cognitive changes in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. This longitudinal study comprised 5454 individuals (aged 55-75 years in men and 60-75 years in women) who exhibited overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Data on dietary vitamin D intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed through five composite scores derived from a comprehensive battery of eight neuropsychological tests, encompassing global cognitive function, general cognitive function, attention, executive function, and language domains. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to examine the association between energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake over time and 2-year changes in cognitive function. After adjusting for multiple covariates, energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake as a continuous variable was associated with greater 2-year improvements in global cognitive function (β 1.18 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.19 × 10-2 to 2.17 × 10-2), executive function (β 1.12 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.03 × 10-2 to 2.21 × 10-2), and language (β 1.61 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.43 × 10-2 to 2.78 × 10-2). Additionally, the higher cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake quartile was associated with an increase in global cognitive function (β 7.10 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.59 × 10-2 to 13.6 × 10-2), language (β 7.07 × 10-2; 95% CI - 0.52 × 10-2 to 14.7 × 10-2), and a lower decline in attention (β 9.58 × 10-2; 95% CI 1.60 × 10-2 to 17.5 × 10-2). A higher dietary vitamin D intake was associated with modest favorable changes in cognitive function and a reduced cognitive decline over a 2-year period. These findings highlight the need for further research to explore the potential benefits of boosting dietary vitamin D intake for cognitive health in older adults. 2026-07-21T11:24:45Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40161 Título : Measurement Properties of the Spanish Version of the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey in Parents of Children with Developmental Challenges Autor : Noce, Paula; Muñoz-Sánchez, Rocío; Juárez Leal, Iris; Piñero Peñalver, Jessica; Siendones Molina, Mónica; HURTADO-POMARES, MIRIAM; Navarrete-Muñoz, Eva María; Valera-Gran, Desirée Resumen : Parents of children with developmental challenges often face constraints that reduce engagement in meaningful activities (MA). This study evaluated the measurement properties of the Spanish version of the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS) in this population. Methods A convenience sample of 688 Spanish parents (468 mothers, 220 fathers) of children with developmental challenges completed the Spanish EMAS, Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ), Parental Stress Scale (PSS; Baby’s Rewards [PSS-BR] and Stressors [PSS-S]), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A, HADS-D), and Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS). Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, structural, and construct validity were examined. Consumer and Community Involvement There was no consumer or community involvement in this study. Results EMAS scores averaged 31.1 (standard deviation [SD] = 7.1) for mothers and 33.4 (SD = 6.4) for fathers, with no floor or ceiling effects. Internal consistency was high (α = 0.88 for mothers; α =0 .86 for fathers). Test-retest reliability in mothers (n = 75) was moderate (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42, 0.72; rs =0 .62). A two-factor structure showed acceptable fit. Construct validity was supported through correlations with OBQ (rsm [mothers] = 0.61; rsf [fathers] = 0.63), HADS-A (rsm = -0.41; rsf = -0.36), HADS-D (rsm = -0.50; rsf = -0.47), PSS-BR (rsm = 0.37; rsf = 0.31), PSS-S (rsm = -0.25; rsf = -0.26), and PWBS (rsm = 0.46; rsf = 0.52). Conclusion The Spanish EMAS shows robust measurement properties for assessing engagement in MA among parents of children with developmental challenges. Its use may support family-centred interventions and research. 2026-07-09T10:48:43Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40110 Título : Has “respiratory coaching” before deep inspiration an impact on the incidence of transient contrast interruption during pulmonary CT angiography? Autor : Bernabé García, Juan Matías; García-Espasa, Cristina; Arenas-Jiménez, Juan; Sánchez-Payá, José; De La Hoz- Rosa, Javier; Carreres-Polo, Joan O. Resumen : Purpose To evaluate if respiratory coaching performed prior to CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) image acquisition has an impact on the occurrence of transient interruption of contrast (TIC) phenomenon. Materials and methods Two hundred and thirty-one consecutive patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) were referred for CTPA. They were randomised into two groups, with or without respiratory coaching (groups A and B, respectively). Those patients who were deemed not able to be coached were not randomised and were assigned to a third group (C). Two radiologists evaluated the degree of enhancement of the pulmonary arteries and the presence and grade of TIC. The χ2 test was used to compare differences among groups in occurrence and grade of this phenomenon. Results There were no significant differences in the presence of any grade of TIC among the three groups, with 30 positive cases (32%) in group A, 33 (35%) in group B, and 12 (27%) in group C (P00.61). When TIC was graded and divided into significant or not, the different groups also did not differ significantly. Conclusion Performing respiratory coaching before CTPA had no statistically significant effect on the incidence and severity of TIC in this prospective randomised study. Main Messages • Significant transient interruption of contrast appears in 12% of pulmonary CT angiograms. • Severe transient interruption of contrast leading to nondiagnostic tests appears in 2% of studies. • In our study respiratory coaching has no impact on the incidence of transient interruption of contrast. 2026-06-22T08:31:54Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40083 Título : Vascular attenuation and volumetric lung iodine density in dual-layer spectral CT pulmonary angiography: a randomized controlled trial comparing three contrast doses Autor : Ferrández-Ferrández, David; Arenas-Jiménez, Juan José; Ureña Vacas, Almudena; Sirera Matilla, Marina; Feliu Rey, Eloísa; marquina arribas, Victor; Trigueros-Buil, Helena; García-Garrigós, Elena Resumen : Objectives To evaluate vascular attenuation (VA) in conventional and low-energy virtual monoenergetic images (LEVMI), volumetric lung iodine density (VID) and quality of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in dual-layer detector spectral CT using three iodinated contrast medium (ICM) administration protocols. Materials and methods A prospective randomized single-center study including patients with CTPA to rule out pulmonary embolism (PE) was performed. Examinations were randomized to one of three ICM administration protocols: A, 40 mL at 4 mL/s; B, 30 mL at 3 mL/s; and C, 20 mL of ICM diluted with 20mL of saline at 4 mL/s. Two radiologists evaluated the presence of PE, VA in conventional images and LEVMI, lung VID, perfusion defects detection, and quality of Z-effective maps. Statistical comparisons were performed between protocols. Results Fifty patients were randomized to each protocol. In conventional images, VA in pulmonary arteries was above 200 HU in more than 90% in protocols A and B, but only in 70% in protocol C. VA increased in LEVMI, with a minimum value of 269 HU. Differences in pulmonary VA with protocol C were statistically significant. At LEVMI, aortic attenuation was above 100 HU in most examinations. Protocol C presented the worst quality of iodine map and the lowest VID; however, it detected perfusion defects in all PE cases. Conclusion The use of LEVMI provides diagnostic VA levels in pulmonary arteries in all the protocols, and a minimum aortic enhancement in most cases. Even the lowest ICM dose maintains diagnostic iodine maps, although with lower quality and VID. Key Points Question Do low doses of iodinated contrast medium for spectral CT pulmonary angiography achieve diagnostic vascular attenuation, and do they allow detection of perfusion defects in pulmonary embolism? Findings All three protocols achieved diagnostic pulmonary artery attenuation in low-energy virtual monoenergetic images and detected perfusion defects in all pulmonary embolism cases. Clinical relevance Spectral CT pulmonary angiography enables diagnostic pulmonary vascular enhancement and reliable perfusion defect detection with reduced contrast material doses, supporting safer and more efficient pulmonary embolism imaging protocols. 2026-06-18T08:44:57Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40082 Título : Pulmonary Fungal Infections in Immunocompetent Patients Autor : Arenas-Jiménez, Juan José; Franquet, Tomás; Rojas-Varela, Randall; Arco-Montoro, Irene; Ferrández-Ferrández, David Resumen : Fungi are a group of microorganisms encompassing thousands of species, with only a minority causing disease in humans. Fungal pathogens and infections are increasing global public health problems. They are an important cause of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients; however, they can also affect immunocompetent individuals. This paper reviews the incidence, clinical features, radiographic manifestations, and pathological findings of major fungal infections in non-immunocompromised patients. Only a restricted subset of fungi, specifically the endemic dimorphic fungi, selected Aspergillus manifestations, and Cryptococcus gattii are consistently associated with pulmonary infection in immunocompetent individuals. Endemic mycoses are determined by their geographic distribution, which makes it necessary to consider the diagnosis when pulmonary infection occurs in endemic areas. However, their clinical and radiological manifestations are frequently nonspecific. On the other hand, other fungi, mainly Aspergillus spp. are involved in a variety of diseases, including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, which is frequently diagnosed based on imaging criteria, and a series of conditions in the spectrum of chronic aspergillosis, including simple aspergilloma, chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis, subacute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and aspergillus nodules. 2026-06-18T08:43:29Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39226 Título : Luxación congénita de rodilla. Protocolo terapéutico y resultados funcionales a largo plazo. Autor : Salvador Marín, Jorge; Miranda Gorozarri, Carlos; EGEA-GÁMEZ, ROSA MARÍA; Alonso Hernández, J.; Martínez Álvarez, S.; Palazón Quevedo, Á. Resumen : Antecedentes y objetivo: La luxación congénita de rodilla es una entidad muy infrecuente,caracterizada por la deformidad en genu recurvatum presente al nacimiento, no existiendo enla actualidad consenso sobre el tratamiento óptimo. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizarlos resultados funcionales y complicaciones a largo plazo tras la aplicación de un protocolo deactuación terapéutica para el manejo de luxación congénita de rodilla (PLCR) creado en uncentro de referencia de ortopedia infantil.Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes con luxación congénita derodilla que siguieron el PLCR entre enero de 1997 y diciembre de 2010. Se estudiaron variablesdemográficas, tipo de tratamiento, resultados funcionales al finalizar el seguimiento, com-plicaciones y recidivas. El tratamiento conservador consisitió en yesos seriados, dejando eltratamiento quirúrgico para los casos en los que no se consiguió una flexión pasiva mayor a 30◦o fracasó el tratamiento conservador.Resultados: Nueve pacientes (11 rodillas) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El 66,7% fueronni˜nas y el seguimiento medio fue de 15 a˜nos (9-22). En todos los casos se inició tratamientoconservador. De las 11 rodillas tratadas en menos de la mitad (36%) se precisó realizar cirugía.El cuestionario Lysholm medio fue de 90,3 puntos, el WOMAC dolor 0,4 (0-1), WOMAC rigidez1,8 (0-6) y WOMAC función 3,8 (1-12).Conclusiones: La existencia y aplicación del protocolo PLCR en una afección tan infrecuentecomo la luxación congénita de rodilla sugiere unos buenos resultados funcionales a largo plazocon escasas complicaciones y sin recidivas.; Background and objective: Congenital knee dislocation is a very rare entity, characterised bydeformity in knee recurvatum present at birth, and there is currently no consensus on theoptimal treatment. The aim of the present study is to analyse the functional results and long-term complications after the application of a protocol of therapeutic action for the managementof congenital knee dislocation (CKD) created in a reference centre for child orthopaedics.Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study of patients with congenital dislocationof the knee who followed CRPL between January 1997 and December 2010. Demographic varia-bles, type of treatment, functional outcomes at the end of the follow-up, complications andrelapses were studied. The conservative treatment consisted of serial casts, leaving the surgicaltreatment for cases in which passive flexion was not achieved above 30◦or the conservativetreatment failed.Results: 9 patients (11 knees) met the inclusion criteria. The 66.7% were girls and the averagefollow-up was 15 years (9-22). In all cases, conservative treatment was initiated. Of the 11knees treated, less than half (36%) required surgery. The average Lysholm questionnaire was90.3 points, the WOMAC pain 0.4 (0-1), WOMAC stiffness 1.8 (0-6) and WOMAC function 3.8(1-12).Conclusions: The existence and application of the PLCR protocol in a pathology as rare ascongenital knee dislocation suggests good long-term functional results with few complicationsand no recurrences. 2026-02-12T09:43:44Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39225 Título : Factores de riesgo para la demora quirúrgica en la fractura de cadera. Autor : Sanz-Reig, Javier; Salvador Marín, Jorge; Ferrández Martínez, J.; Orozco Beltrán, Domingo; Martínez López, J.F. Resumen : Objetivo: Identificar los factores al ingreso relacionados con una demora quirúrgica mayor de 2 días en pacientes mayores de 65 a˜nos con fractura de cadera. Material y métodos: Estudio de una base de datos prospectiva de pacientes mayores de 65 a˜nos con fractura proximal de fémur entre enero de 2015 y abril de 2016. Se incluyeron en el estudio 180 pacientes. Se registraron variables demográficas, día de ingreso, comorbilidades asociadas, estado mental, nivel de deambulación y dependencia, tipo de fractura, toma de medicación anticoagulante o antiagregante, valor de la hemoglobina al ingreso, tipo de tratamiento, y demora quirúrgica. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 83,7 a˜nos. El valor medio del índice de comorbilidad de Charlson era de 2,8; con un 70% de pacientes con al menos 2 comorbilidades. La demora quirúrgica media fue de 3,1 días. En el momento del ingreso, 122 pacientes (67,7%) se consideraron aptos para la intervención quirúrgica. De ellos, 80 pacientes (44,4%) fueron intervenidos en los 2 primeros días tras el ingreso. El análisis multivariante mostraba el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson mayor de 2, la anticoagulación, y el ingreso hospitalario de jueves a sábado, como factores independientes asociados a la demora quirúrgica mayor de 2 días. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de pacientes con fractura de cadera intervenidos en los 2 primeros días del ingreso hospitalario es bajo. Los factores asociados a la demora quirúrgica no son modificables. Sin embargo, su conocimiento debería permitir el desarrollo de protocolos de actuación que consiguieran reducir la demora quirúrgica en este grupo de pacientes.; fractureAbstractObjective: To identify pre-operative risk factors for surgical delay of more than 2 days afteradmission in patients older than 65 years with a hip fracture.Material and methods:A prospective observational study was conducted on 180 hip fracturesin patients older than 65 years of age admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to April 2016.The data recorded included, patient demographics, day of admission, pre-fracture comorbidi-ties, mental state, level of mobility and physical function, type of fracture, antiaggregant andanticoagulant medication, pre-operative haemoglobin value, type of treatment, and surgicaldelay.Results: The mean age of the patients was 83.7 years. The mean Charlson Index was 2.8.The pre-fracture baseline co-morbidities were equal or greater than 2 in 70% of cases. Meantiming of surgery was 3.1 days. At the time of admission, 122 (67.7%) patients were fit forsurgery, of which 80 (44.4%) underwent surgery within 2 days. A Charlson index greater than 2,anticoagulant therapy, and admission on Thursday to Saturday, were independently associatedwith a surgical delay greater than 2 days.Conclusions: The rate of hip fracture patients undergoing surgery within 2 days is low. Riskfactors associated to surgical delay are non-modifiable. However, their knowledge should allowthe development of protocols that can reduce surgical delay in this group of patients. 2026-02-12T09:41:57Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39224 Título : Tendinopatía rotuliana: una guía práctica de consenso para la elección del mejor tratamiento. Autor : De Rus Aznar, Ignacio; Cuadrado Rubio, L. E.; Fernández Kelly Rodriguez Marques, Ignacio; González Martín, D.; Salvador Marín, Jorge; Fraga Vicandi, J.; Abat González, F. Resumen : La tendinopatía rotuliana cursa como un cuadro de dolor anterior de rodilla localizado fundamentalmente en el polo inferior de la patela. La causa principal de esta condición degenerativa son los movimientos repetitivos que generan una carga excesiva del tendón, particularmente durante los deportes que impliquen cambios rápidos de dirección, saltos y carreras, como voleibol, baloncesto o fútbol. Representa hasta un 30-45% de las lesiones que sufren los atletas involucrados en deportes de salto, con tiempos de inactividad que pueden alcanzar los 6 meses. Aunque se acepta que el manejo conservador debe suponer la primera línea de tratamiento, existen diferentes alternativas dentro de este, con mecanismos de acción y duración heterogéneos, así como efectividad y niveles de evidencia variables. Asimismo, es difícil encontrar protocolos de tratamiento que sirvan de guía para el manejo de esta patología durante la práctica clínica. Cuando fracasa el tratamiento conservador, se ha descrito la cirugía tanto abierta como artroscópica para el tratamiento de esta patología, con técnicas variables y resultados consistentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión narrativa para exponer las alternativas de tratamiento más habituales, su mecanismo de acción, así como detallar el nivel de evidencia condisponible para su aplicación y, finalmente, emitir un grado de recomendación para cada uno de ellos. Se pone de manifiesto que la terapia física basada en un programa de ejercicios supervisados ha de suponer la base del tratamiento; no obstante, cuando esta fracasa, parece indicado proporcionar al paciente una técnica invasiva orientada a favorecer los mecanismos de reparación tendinosos, reservando la cirugía para aquellos casos recalcitrantes, puesto que se carece de estudios comparativos de calidad que permitan universalizar su uso.; Patellar tendinopathy is characterized by anterior knee pain fundamentally located in the lower pole of the patella. This degenerative condition is mainly caused by repeated movements that generate excessive loading of the tendon, particularly during sports activities characterized by rapid changes in direction, jumping and running, such as volleyball, basketball or soccer. Patellar tendinopathy accounts for 30-45% of all lesions experienced by jumping athletes, causing inactivity periods of as long as 6 months. Although conservative management is accepted to be the first line treatment option, it comprises a number of different alternatives, with heterogeneous mechanisms of action and duration, as well as variable effectiveness and levels of evidence. Likewise, it is difficult to find treatment protocols that serve as a guide to the management of this disease in the context of clinical practice. When conservative management fails, both open and arthroscopic surgery have been described for the treatment of these disorders, with variable techniques and consistent outcomes. The present study offers a narrative review of the most common treatment options and their mechanisms of action, and details the available level of evidence for their application. Lastly, a grade of recommendation is provided for each of them. It is seen that physical therapy based on supervised exercises should constitute the basis of treatment. However, when this strategy fails, it seems advisable to offer the patient an invasive technique aimed at favoring the mechanisms of tendon repair - reserving surgery for refractory cases, since there is a lack of quality comparative studies allowing generalization of its use. 2026-02-12T09:40:45Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39223 Título : Factores de riesgo de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en la fractura proximal de fémur. Autor : Sanz-Reig, Javier; Salvador Marín, Jorge; Pérez Alba, José Manuel; Ferrández Martínez, J.; Orozco Beltrán, Domingo; Martínez López, J.F. Resumen : Objetivo: Identificar y cuantificar los factores relacionados con la mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes mayores de 65 a˜ nos con fractura proximal de fémur. Material y métodos:Estudio observacional de cohortes retrospectivo de una base de datos prospectiva de pacientes mayores de 65 a˜ nos con fractura proximal de fémur entre 2011 y 2014. Se incluyeron en el estudio 331 pacientes. Se registraron variables demográficas, procedencia del paciente, grado de deambulación y dependencia, comorbilidades asociadas, estado mental, toma de medicación anticoagulante o antiagregante, valor de la hemoglobina al ingreso, tipo de fractura, tipo de tratamiento, demora quirúrgica y presencia de complicaciones. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 83 a˜ nos. En un 73% eran mujeres. Y el 57% presentaron fractura subcapital de fémur. El número de comorbilidades era igual o mayor de 2 en un 62,8%. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue del 11,4%. En el estudio univariante, la edad mayor de 90 a˜ nos, sexo varón, no antiagregación, el tratamiento ortopédico de la fractura, un valor de la hemoglobina ≤ 10 g/dl, un número de comorbilidades ≥ 2, un índice de Charlson ≥ 2, un índice de Charlson ajustado a la edad ≥ 6, la insuficiencia cardíaca, el asma, la enfermedad reumática, fueron variables asociadas a la mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Conclusiones: Los factores preoperatorios relacionados con el paciente influyen directamente en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria del paciente con fractura proximal de fémur mayor de 65 a˜ nos. Dado que estos factores no son modificables, recomendamos el desarrollo de protocolos de actuación que permitan reducir la mortalidad intrahospitalaria en este grupo de pacientes.; Objective: To identify and quantify the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients older than 65 years with a hip fracture. Materials and methods:Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. We studied a cohort of 331 hip fracture patients older than 65 years of age admitted to our hospital from 2011 to 2014. Patients demographics, type of residence, physical function, mobility, prefracture comorbidities data, cognitive status, anti-aggregant and anticoagulant medication, preoperative haemoglobin value, type of fracture, type of treatment, surgical delay, and complications, were recorded. Results: The average age was 83, 73% female, and 57% had sustained a subcapital fracture. In 62.8% pre-fracture baseline co-morbidities were equal or greater than 2. The in-hospital mortality rate was 11.4%. In univariate analysis, age over 90, male gender, haemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dl, no antiplatelet agents, orthopaedic treatment, number of co-morbidities ≥ 2, Charlson index ≥ 2, age-adjusted Charlson index ≥ 6, congestive heart failure, asthma, rheumatologic disease, were associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: Preoperative patient-related factors have a strong relationship with in-hospital mortality in a hip fracture patients aged older than 65 years. These factors are non-modifiable; we recommend the development of protocols to reduce in-hospital mortality in this group of patients. 2026-02-12T09:39:41Z