https://hdl.handle.net/11000/7 2026-07-26T14:40:30Z 2026-07-26T14:40:30Z Mateu, Fran https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40282 2026-07-24T01:03:55Z 2026-07-23T08:55:08Z

Título : El cine en 16 milímetros como decisión estética y narrativa en el género fantástico contemporáneo Autor : Mateu, Fran Resumen : El cine en 16 milímetros alcanzó su auge durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX como alternativa económica al formato en 35 milímetros. Hasta la llegada del vídeo en la década 1980, el cine en 16 milímetros instauró una de las diferentes opciones de bajo presupuesto para rodar, cuya anchura del fotograma era menor ofreciendo, por tanto, un menor grado de detalle en las imágenes, así como una mayor cantidad de grano en la película, entre otras particularidades técnicas. No obstante, la tecnología propia de los 16 milímetros ha evolucionado y, hoy en día, sigue teniendo su hueco dentro del medio cinematográfico. Películas contemporáneas como A Ghost Story (David Lowery, 2017), The Devil’s Doorway (Aislinn Clarke, 2018) y X (Ti West, 2022), abordadas en el presente artículo como estudios de caso, emplean deliberadamente este formato para ofrecer una particular estética y narrativa dentro del género fantástico contemporáneo.; 16mm cinema reached its peak during the second half of the 20th century as a cost-effective alternative to the 35mm format. Until the arrival of video in the 1980s, 16mm film established itself as one of the various low-budget options for shooting, featuring a narrower frame width that resulted in less image detail and a more noticeable film grain, among other technical characteristics. Nevertheless, 16mm technology has evolved, and today it continues to hold a place within the cinematic medium. Contemporary films such as A Ghost Story (David Lowery, 2017), The Devil’s Doorway (Aislinn Clarke, 2018) and X (Ti West, 2022), analyzed in this article as case studies, deliberately use this format to convey a distinctive aesthetic and narrative within the contemporary fantastic genre.

2026-07-23T08:55:08Z Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén Piquero, Álex R. Miró-Llinares, Fernando Leeper Piquero, Nicole Castro-Toledo, Francisco Javier https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40281 2026-07-23T01:04:32Z 2026-07-22T12:21:07Z

Título : Certainty, But How Certain? Severity, But How Severe? A Quasi Experimental Study on Digital Piracy Deterrence in a Spanish Citizens Sample Autor : Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén; Piquero, Álex R.; Miró-Llinares, Fernando; Leeper Piquero, Nicole; Castro-Toledo, Francisco Javier Resumen : The assumptions underlying classical deterrence remain an underpinning of most legal systems. Although empirical research on deterrence is extensive, less investigated are the conditions under which deterrence is more or less likely to occur. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of sanction severity and certainty on intentions to illegally download a film. A 3 × 4 factorial design was used in which three degrees of severity and 4° of certainty were combined. Results show that when low or medium certainty can be guaranteed, the degree of severity influences the intention to illegally download. However, severity is irrelevant when certainty is zero or total. These results suggest that severity is important, but its relevance is conditioned by the level of certainty.

2026-07-22T12:21:07Z Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén Castro-Toledo, Francisco J. Falces, Carlos https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40280 2026-07-23T01:04:31Z 2026-07-22T12:17:55Z

Título : Social attitudes towards sex work and its criminalization: An empirical study with a Spanish sample Autor : Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén; Castro-Toledo, Francisco J.; Falces, Carlos Resumen : This article examines social attitudes towards sex work and its regulation in Spain, considering dif ferent types of sex work (street, brothel, private house, escort, and online). It also analyses under lying beliefs that have been shown in the literature to be relevant. A questionnaire was administered to 1168 participants (52% women and 48% men), with about 50% aged between 35 and 54. The results indicate that attitudes vary depending on the type of sex work, with greater disapproval for more visible or public forms such as street and brothel-based sex work. The beliefs driving this rejection align with the stigmatizing views of these forms. As for the regulatory mea sures, there is no clear preference for any of the approaches considered, although support for each of them is consistent with the premises of each regulatory framework in terms of freedom and equality, social problems, and the dignity of the activity. These findings suggest that it would be more appropriate to measure attitudes towards sex work by type of sexual services and that fur ther research is needed, particularly if legislative change is sought.

2026-07-22T12:17:55Z Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40279 2026-07-23T01:04:30Z 2026-07-22T08:48:49Z

Título : El debate sobre la criminalización de la prostitución desde la perspectiva de las actitudes sociales: una revisión narrativa de la literatura Autor : Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén Resumen : La prostitución ha sido tradicionalmente un tema social y jurídico (penal) controvertido por encuadrarse dentro de lo que se han denominado las “políticas de la moralidad”. Políticas que aspiran a regular lo que es aceptable y lo que no en las relaciones sociales, inclusive las que atañen a la sexualidad. Es por ello que la cuestión de cómo debe regularse la prostitución en las sociedades no es pacífica, adoptando los Estados modelos normativos dispares. España mantiene una situación de vacío legal en lo que a prohibir la prostitución específicamente se refiere más allá de las ordenanzas municipales que limitan la prostitución, sobre todo callejera, por razones de orden público. Recientemente, sin embargo, se ha propuesto la criminalización en el Código Penal del cliente que paga por sexo, el proxenetismo no coactivo y la tercería locativa. No obstante, la cuestión se mantiene controvertida ya que las sensibilidades al respecto son muy diversas entre los propios representantes de la ciudadanía a modo de reflejo de la opinión pública. En este sentido, el apoyo social a este tipo de medidas y regulaciones depende de las actitudes sociales hacia la prostitución y su regulación, algo que ha sido prácticamente ignorado. En el presente trabajo, se presenta una revisión narrativa de la literatura sobre la opinión pública y actitudes sociales hacia la prostitución. Se concluye que es necesario prestar más atención a esta cuestión y mejorar la medición de las actitudes sociales, así como un abordaje integral si se pretende una política criminal efectiva en esta materia.; Prostitution has traditionally been a controversial social and legal (criminal) issue because it falls within what have been called the "politics of morality". Policies that aim to regulate what is acceptable and what is not acceptable in social relations, including those involving sexuality. This is why the question of how prostitution should be regulated in societies is not a peaceful one, and States maintain disparate regulatory models in their national legislations. Spain maintains a legal vacuum as far as specifically prohibiting prostitution is concerned, beyond the municipal ordinances that limit prostitution, especially street prostitution, for reasons of public order. Recently, however, the criminalisation in the Penal Code of paying clients for sex, pimping and third party renting has been proposed. However, the issue remains controversial as sensitivities on the issue are very diverse among the representatives of the public themselves, reflecting public opinion. In this sense, social support for such measures and regulations depends on social attitudes towards prostitution and its regulation, something that has been understudied. In this paper, a narrative review of the literature on public opinion and social attitudes towards prostitution is presented. It concludes that more attention and better measurement of social attitudes and a comprehensive approach are needed if effective criminal policy is to be pursued in this area.

2026-07-22T08:48:49Z Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40278 2026-07-23T01:04:29Z 2026-07-22T08:44:05Z

Título : Los efectos contraproducentes de la sanción penal: Una cartografía Autor : Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén Resumen : Este trabajo parte de la necesidad de explorar los efectos contraproducentes que puede generar la norma y sanción penal, más allá de su pretendida función preventiva. A través de una revisión crítica de la literatura, se propone una cartografía de estos efectos, atendiendo tanto al momento de comunicación como de aplicación de la norma, y distinguiendo entre aquellos que inciden directamente en el individuo y los que afectan de forma más general al conjunto de la ciudadanía. Se plantea que el castigo puede activar mecanismos que, en lugar de fomentar el cumplimiento, erosionan la legitimidad del sistema penal, generan oposición moral o provocan reacciones de desconfianza, cinismo y desafección hacia las normas. La norma penal, entendida únicamente como instrumento disuasorio, corre el riesgo de ignorar las normas sociales implícitas y la importancia de la legitimidad percibida. Esta omisión puede derivar en respuestas sociales que comprometen su eficacia e incluso estimulan el incumplimiento. Frente a la tendencia legislativa a reforzar el castigo sin evaluar sus consecuencias, este trabajo subraya la necesidad de considerar empíricamente no solo los efectos preventivos del castigo, sino también aquellos que pueden resultar especialmente nocivos para la credibilidad del sistema penal.; This work stems from the need to explore the counterproductive effects that legal norms and penal sanctions may generate beyond their intended preventive function. Through a critical review of the literature, it proposes a mapping of these effects, taking into account both the moment of communication and application of the norm, and distinguishing between those that directly affect the individual and those with broader impacts on the general public. It is argued that punishment can activate mechanisms that, rather than promoting compliance, erode the legitimacy of the penal system, generate moral opposition, or provoke reactions of distrust, cynicism, and disengagement from legal norms. When the penal norm is understood solely as a deterrent instrument, it risks overlooking implicit social norms and the significance of perceived legitimacy. This omission may lead to social responses that undermine its effectiveness and may even encourage noncompliance. In light of the legislative tendency to reinforce punishment without assessing its consequences, this work highlights the need to empirically consider not only the preventive effects of punishment, but also those that may prove especially harmful to the credibility of the penal system.

2026-07-22T08:44:05Z Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40277 2026-07-22T01:05:12Z 2026-07-21T13:58:52Z

Título : Los efectos de la sanción penal desde los datos científicos Autor : Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén

2026-07-21T13:58:52Z Ni, Jiaqi Nishi, Stephanie K. BABIO SÁNCHEZ, NANCY Belzer, Clara Vioque, Jesús Corella, Dolores Hernando Redondo, Javier Vidal, Josep Moreno-Indias, Isabel Compañ Gabucio, Laura M Coltell, Oscar Fitó, Montse Toledo, Estefanía Wang, Dong D. Tinahones, Francisco J https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40256 2026-07-22T01:05:09Z 2026-07-21T12:14:09Z

Título : Total and different types of olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and cognitive function changes in older adults Autor : Ni, Jiaqi; Nishi, Stephanie K.; BABIO SÁNCHEZ, NANCY; Belzer, Clara; Vioque, Jesús; Corella, Dolores; Hernando Redondo, Javier; Vidal, Josep; Moreno-Indias, Isabel; Compañ Gabucio, Laura M; Coltell, Oscar; Fitó, Montse; Toledo, Estefanía; Wang, Dong D.; Tinahones, Francisco J Resumen : Background: Over the past decade, emerging evidence has shed light on the role of the gut microbiota in the interface between diet and brain health. Olive oil, particularly virgin olive oil, a key component and major fat source in the Mediterranean diet, has exhibited widespread healthful benefits, including improvements in gut microbiota and cognitive health. Despite insights from preclinical studies into the relationship between virgin olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and cognitive function, human research in this area remains limited. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the interplay between total olive oil consumption and its subtypes, gut microbiota, and changes in cognitive function in older adults who were cognitively healthy at baseline but at high risk of cognitive decline. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we assessed a total of 656 participants aged 55 to 75y (mean age 65.0 ± 4.9y, 47.9% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome who provided stool samples and completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and at a 2-y follow-up. Results: Results from the multivariable linear regression models showed that higher consumption of virgin olive oil was associated with improved cognitive function over a 2-y follow-up, and a more diverse gut microbiota overall structure at baseline. Conversely, increased consumption of common olive oil is linked to lower alpha diversity of the microbial communities, and accelerated cognitive decline. Mediation analysis suggests that gut microbiota and particularly the Adlercreutzia, may serve as a mediator taxon in the association between virgin olive oil consumption and positive changes in general cognitive function. Conclusions: Higher consumption of virgin olive oil was associated with cognitive preservation, possibly mediated by favorable alterations in gut microbiota composition. Our study provides novel insights into the complex interplay between different types of olive oil consumption, gut microbiota, and changes in cognitive function. These findings underscore the potential of microbiota-targeted dietary strategies to promote cognitive health in aging populations, though further high-quality and clinical cohort studies are required. Video Abstract.

2026-07-21T12:14:09Z Vázquez-Lorente, Héctor Ni, Jiaqi Paz Graniel, Indira Toledo, Estefanía Corella, Dolores Castañer, Olga Martínez, J. Alfredo Alonso-Gómez, Ángel Wärnberg, Julia Vioque, Jesús Romaguera, Dora López‑Miranda, José Estruch, Ramón Tinahones, Francisco J Lapetra, José https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40255 2026-07-22T01:05:08Z 2026-07-21T11:24:45Z

Título : Dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year changes in cognitive function in older adults with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome Autor : Vázquez-Lorente, Héctor; Ni, Jiaqi; Paz Graniel, Indira; Toledo, Estefanía; Corella, Dolores; Castañer, Olga; Martínez, J. Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesús; Romaguera, Dora; López‑Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramón; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José Resumen : The protective role of dietary vitamin D intake on cognitive function is of interest, but evidence remains inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year cognitive changes in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. This longitudinal study comprised 5454 individuals (aged 55-75 years in men and 60-75 years in women) who exhibited overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Data on dietary vitamin D intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed through five composite scores derived from a comprehensive battery of eight neuropsychological tests, encompassing global cognitive function, general cognitive function, attention, executive function, and language domains. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to examine the association between energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake over time and 2-year changes in cognitive function. After adjusting for multiple covariates, energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake as a continuous variable was associated with greater 2-year improvements in global cognitive function (β 1.18 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.19 × 10-2 to 2.17 × 10-2), executive function (β 1.12 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.03 × 10-2 to 2.21 × 10-2), and language (β 1.61 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.43 × 10-2 to 2.78 × 10-2). Additionally, the higher cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake quartile was associated with an increase in global cognitive function (β 7.10 × 10-2; 95% CI 0.59 × 10-2 to 13.6 × 10-2), language (β 7.07 × 10-2; 95% CI - 0.52 × 10-2 to 14.7 × 10-2), and a lower decline in attention (β 9.58 × 10-2; 95% CI 1.60 × 10-2 to 17.5 × 10-2). A higher dietary vitamin D intake was associated with modest favorable changes in cognitive function and a reduced cognitive decline over a 2-year period. These findings highlight the need for further research to explore the potential benefits of boosting dietary vitamin D intake for cognitive health in older adults.

2026-07-21T11:24:45Z Fuentes Baile, Maria García Morales, Pilar Pérez Valenciano, Elizabeth Mata Balaguer, Trinidad Menéndez Gutiérrez, Maria P. de Juan Romero, Camino Rodríguez Lescure, Alvaro Martín Orozco, Elena Mallavia, Ricardo Barberá, Victor M. Saceda, Miguel https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40234 2026-07-21T01:04:23Z 2026-07-20T07:47:24Z

Título : Insights into histone deacetylase inhibitors-induced cell death in cancer cell lines Autor : Fuentes Baile, Maria; García Morales, Pilar; Pérez Valenciano, Elizabeth; Mata Balaguer, Trinidad; Menéndez Gutiérrez, Maria P.; de Juan Romero, Camino; Rodríguez Lescure, Alvaro; Martín Orozco, Elena; Mallavia, Ricardo; Barberá, Victor M.; Saceda, Miguel Resumen : Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) induce cell death in many chemoresistant cancer models, suggesting their potential as alternative treatments for these malignancies. However, their efficacy in solid tumors remains limited. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HDACi-induced cell death is essential for developing targeted activators of these pathways, enabling the selective elimination of chemoresistant cancer cells while minimizing the widespread transcriptional effects of HDACis. In this study, we investigated HDACi- induced cell death across models of different cellular origins to determine whether a universal molecular mechanism triggers this process. Our findings demonstrate that HDACi-induced cell death is TP53-independent, resistant to caspase inhibitors, and sensitive to serine protease inhibitors. This form of cell death requires intracellular calcium mobilization to induce mitochondrial depolarization. Using DNA arrays, apoptosis protein arrays, and ELISA assays, combined with siRNA-mediated gene silencing, we identified genes with a causal relationship to TSA-induced cell death. These include dual-specificity phosphatases such as DUSP3 and DUSP10; endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes such as XBP1, MBTPS1, MBTPS2, and RPS6KA5; and other genes like BAX, AIF, EAF2, NANOS1, and CCNYL1. Our findings reveal novel potential targets for developing antineoplastic agents designed to exploit HDACi-induced cell death pathways, providing a strategy to overcome chemoresistance in cancer therapy.

2026-07-20T07:47:24Z Bonte, Sarah M Sancho, Manuel Coves, Angela Rajo-Iglesias, Eva Vague, Jose J. Boria, Vicente E. https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40210 2026-07-17T01:04:46Z 2026-07-16T14:52:45Z

Título : Study of the Multipactor Effect in Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology Autor : Bonte, Sarah M; Sancho, Manuel; Coves, Angela; Rajo-Iglesias, Eva; Vague, Jose J.; Boria, Vicente E. Resumen : Ridge gap waveguides have emerged as promising transmission lines for high-frequency applications and components (i.e. filters), due to their low-loss characteristics and compatibility with standard fabrication processes. This article investigates the limits on the power level (related to the multipactor effect) within ridge gap waveguides, focusing on understanding the distribution and propagation of electromagnetic energy along this waveguide structure. Through simulations, the dependence of power levels on various parameters, such as the ridge dimensions and its proximity to the bed of pins, is explored. Experimental results of the multipactor effect inside a manufactured prototype of a ridge gap waveguide fully validate the simulated data obtained with the available commercial software tools. The insights provided in this research will help the future design and implementation of efficient and reliable high-frequency communication and sensing systems, for space applications, utilizing the ridge gap waveguide technology.

2026-07-16T14:52:45Z