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https://hdl.handle.net/11000/5775
Sintomatología Interiorizada y Exteriorizada y su relación con comportamientos de suicidio en adolescentes
Título : Sintomatología Interiorizada y Exteriorizada y su relación con comportamientos de suicidio en adolescentes |
Autor : Soto-Sanz, Victoria |
Tutor: Piqueras Rodríguez, José Antonio Rodríguez Marín, Jesús |
Departamento: Departamentos de la UMH::Psicología de la Salud |
Fecha de publicación: 2020-12-01 |
URI : http://hdl.handle.net/11000/5775 |
Resumen : El suicidio es un grave problema en todo el mundo. Es la segunda causa principal de muerte en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos de 15 a 29 años. Si bien la asociación entre los trastornos mentales y el suicidio ha sido ampliamente reconocida, existe controversia al determinar qué sintomatología especí... Ver más Suicide is the second leading cause of death in adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 29 years. Specifically, the presence of internalizing and externalizing symptomatology is related to the increased risk for suicide at these ages. The association between a history of mental disorders and suicide has been widely recognized. However, the relationship between internalizing and externalizing symptoms of those mental disorders and suicide remains contentious. Therefore, due to the severity of the problem and the lack of information on the relationship between internalizing and externalizing symptoms as risk factors for suicidal behavior and suicide among adolescents, it is necessary to explore this issue further. For this reason, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between internalizing and externalizing symptoms and suicide and attempted suicide in adolescents, as well as to update information on the effectiveness of prevention programs in this population. To this end, four studies are being developed, each of them related to a specific objective. Study 1: This paper evaluates internalizing and externalizing symptoms as risk factors for suicidal behaviour and suicide among adolescents and young adults. We conducted a systematic review of articles published until January 2017. We identified 26,883 potential papers; 1,701 fulltext articles were assessed for eligibility, of which 1,660 were excluded because of methodological reasons. Diverse meta-analyses were performed for each group of symptoms. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) or beta coefficients for categorical variables, and effect size (ES) are calculated for continuous variables. Finally, 41 studies were included, involving participants aged 12–26 years for a systematic review, and 26 articles were included for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis show that youths with any internalizing (ES = 0.93) or externalizing symptoms (ES = 0.76 and OR = 2.59) are more likely to attempt suicide in future. This effect is also seen in depression symptoms (OR = 6.57 and ES = 1.00), legal problems (OR = 3.36), and anxiety (ES = 0.65). Reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms are predictors of suicide behaviour in young people; therefore, the detection and management of these symptoms in young populations could be a crucial strategy for preventing suicidality in this group. Study 2: this work investigates the association between internalizing symptoms and suicide behaviors in children and adolescents through a cross-sectional study. A total of 1,499 participants completed online questionnaire. Regression analysis are used to investigate the association between internalizing symptomatology and suicidal behavior and conditional process analysis (model 4). The prevalence of suicidal behavior in Spanish children and adolescents are 11.9 and 21.3%, respectively. The strongest associations with suicidal behavior (p < .001) are: being an adolescent, having symptoms of major depression (MD), and panic disorder (PD) in univariate and multivariate regression. In multivariate analysis, the highest Odd Ratio values are found for DM (OR = 3.56, 95% CI = 2.53-4.10) and TPA (OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 2.05-4.66). The regression model with DM show that TPA symptoms had a significant indirect effect, through depression symptoms, on suicide behaviors, accounting for 17% of the total variance explained in adolescents. Therefore, it is necessary the implementation of early identification and intervention programs to address anxious and depressive symptomatology and prevent suicide in adolescents. Study 3: This study examines the relation between internalizing and externalizing symptomatology and suicide behaviors through a longitudinal study. The sample consisted of 238 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The data was analyzed via PROCESS Statistical Package. The main results show that previous depression symptoms have a significant indirect effect, through previous suicide behaviors and current depression symptoms, on current suicide behaviors, accounting for 61% of the total variance explained. Additionally, being a girl increase this risk. Therefore, the implementation of early identification and intervention programs to address youth symptoms of depression and suicidal behaviors could significantly reduce the risk for future suicidal behaviors in adolescence. Study 4: This article deals with a review of prevention programmes at an international level in this population, with the aim of ascertaining their effectiveness. A systematic review of studies published in different databases was carried out. The inclusion criteria were: (a) articles measuring the effectiveness of the primary suicide prevention programme; (b) aimed at a sample from 0 to 20 years of age; (c) including an idea and/or attempted suicide; (d) in English or Spanish; (e) samples greater than 1; (f) in any field of action. This resulted in a total of 37 studies. After the intervention, there were statistically significant differences in suicide behaviours, depression, knowledge about suicide, hopelessness, anxiety, alcohol and drug use, family and social factors, coping skills and distress. Finally, although there are positive results after the interventions, only a few provided enough information to assess their efficacy in relation to the size of the intervention effect and randomization of the sample. Therefore, although these programmes may be supportive, further research is needed. |
Notas: Programa de Doctorado en Deporte y Salud |
Palabras clave/Materias: Psicología del niño Psicología del adolescente Comportamientos de suicidio Programas de prevención |
Área de conocimiento : CDU: Filosofía y psicología: Psicología |
Tipo de documento : info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
Derechos de acceso: info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
Aparece en las colecciones: Tesis doctorales - Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas |
La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.