Resumen :
El glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) es un tumor de mal pronóstico debido a su resistencia a la quimio y radioterapia. Los genes SOCS1 y SOCS3 se han asociado con la progresión tumoral y la respuesta al tratamiento en diferentes tipos de cánceres, entre ellos el GBM. En este trabajo, se han obtenido 6 ... Ver más
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a poor prognosis type of tumour due to its resistance to chemo and radiotherapy. SOCS1 and SOCS3 have been associated with tumour progression and response to treatments in different kinds of cancers, including GBM. In this study, cell lines of IDH-wildtype GBMs from primary cultures were obtained, and the role of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in the response to radiotherapy was analysed. Fifty-two brain aspirates from GBM patients were processed, and six new cell lines of IDH-wildtype GBM were established. These were characterised according to the WHO classification of CNS tumours. SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression levels were determined, at the mRNA level by qRT-PCR, and at the protein level by immunocytochemistry. The results obtained showed that SOCS1 and SOCS3 are overexpressed in GBM, as compared to a non-tumoral brain RNA pool. SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression were reduced by siRNA treatment, and it was found that SOCS3 inhibition increased radioresistance in GBM cell lines, suggesting a key role of SOCS3 in the response to radiotherapy. Furthermore, overexpression of SOCS3 under a heterologous promoter (pCMV), in a radiotherapy resistant GBM cell line increased its radiosensitivity, supporting an important implication of SOCS3 in radiotherapy resistance acquisition.
Additionally, the expression levels of several genes related to SOCS3 were analysed in these new cell lines. We found that the PTK6 gene was overexpressed and the MSK1 gene was repressed in these cell lines as compared to a non-tumoral brain RNA pool, whereas the NRF2 gene kept their expression levels similar to those found in the non-tumoral brain RNA pool. Moreover, the downregulation of these genes by specific siRNA rendered the new cell lines of GBM more radioresistant, indicating that these genes are probably related to the radiotherapy response. Besides, the relationship between these genes were analysed, and the results showed that inhibition of SOCS3 and NRF2 caused a downregulation of MSK1.
Finally, the radiotherapy response was potentiated in the most radioresistant cell line by thricostatin A treatment due to an increase of SOCS3 level expression. Thus, SOCS3 and its signal transduction pathway (JAK/STAT) could be useful to unmask new putative target in order to improve radiotherapy response in GBM. Also, it would be interesting to address the interactions between NRF2, SOCS3 and MSK1 in GBM cells, because they could be involved in a new radioresistance mechanism mediated by MKS1 expression.
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