On measures of dissimilarity between point patterns: Classification based on prototypes and multidimensional scaling

Abstract

This paper presents a collection of dissimilarity measures to describe and then classify spatial point patterns when multiple replicates of different types are available for analysis. In particular, we consider a range of distances including the spike-time distance and its variants, as well as cluster-based distances and dissimilarity measures based on classical statistical summaries of point patterns. We review and explore, in the form of a tutorial, their uses, and their pros and cons. These distances are then used to summarize and describe collections of repeated realizations of point patterns via prototypes and multidimensional scaling. We also show a simulation study to evaluate the performance of multidimensional scaling with two types of selected distances. Finally, a multivariate spatial point pattern of a natural plant community is analyzed through various of these measures of dissimilarity.