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dc.contributor.authorPamies, David-
dc.contributor.authorEstevan Martinez, Carmen-
dc.contributor.authorVilanova, Eugenio-
dc.contributor.authorSOGORB, MIGUEL A-
dc.contributor.otherDepartamentos de la UMH::Biología Aplicadaes_ES
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-26T09:24:36Z-
dc.date.available2024-01-26T09:24:36Z-
dc.date.created2022-02-
dc.identifier.citationReproductive and Developmental Toxicology 3rd Edition - February 11, 2022es_ES
dc.identifier.isbn9780323915601-
dc.identifier.isbn9780323897730-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11000/30667-
dc.description.abstractThe available alternative methods for testing developmental toxicity comprise either cellular models or whole embryos of rodents, fish, or amphibian. The simplest cellular models consider the use of human or animal embryonic stem cells (embryonic or of induced pluripotency) under differentiation and one of the most widely used endpoints in these methods is the alterations in differentiated beating cardiomyocytes, although determination of other molecular markers is also extended. More complex cellular models consider the use of cocultures or 3D cultures or the so-called organoids. These models mimic the physiological environment in a much better way than the simple monolayer cultures. The use of whole embryos allows the determination of which teratogenic effects are expectable after exposure to developmental toxicants, which is one of the main disadvantages of the cellular methods. The appropriate assessment of chemical safety for development needs of a battery of alternative methods applied. Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) would allow in the close future to perform safe and reliable assessment of developmental toxicity based on alternative methods.es_ES
dc.formatapplication/pdfes_ES
dc.format.extent19es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherElsevieres_ES
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccesses_ES
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subject3D cellular culturees_ES
dc.subjectDevelopmental toxicityes_ES
dc.subjectEmbryonic stem celles_ES
dc.subjectIATAes_ES
dc.subjectInduced pluripotent stem celles_ES
dc.subjectNeurodevelopmental toxicityes_ES
dc.subjectOrganoides_ES
dc.subjectTesting batteryes_ES
dc.subject.otherCDU::5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología::573 - Biología general y teóricaes_ES
dc.titleAlternative methods to animal experimentation for testing developmental toxicityes_ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bookPartes_ES
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89773-0.00007-2es_ES
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