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Evaluación de los indicadores de calidad y puntos de mejora en la asistencia urgente hospitalaria de los pacientes adolescentes y adultos con intoxicación aguda. Sesgo de sexo y género.


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Título :
Evaluación de los indicadores de calidad y puntos de mejora en la asistencia urgente hospitalaria de los pacientes adolescentes y adultos con intoxicación aguda. Sesgo de sexo y género.
Autor :
Santos Redondo, Miriam
Tutor:
Llorens-Soriano, Pere  
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Medicina Clínica
Fecha de publicación:
2023-05-06
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/29760
Resumen :
Objetivo. La mejora de la calidad asistencial requiere una estrategia de evaluación continuada y para ello la creación y aplicación de indicadores de calidad (IC) representan una herramienta fundamental. Este estudio pretende identificar y conocer el grado de cumplimiento de los IC en las intoxic...  Ver más
Objective. Improving the quality of care requires a continuous evaluation strategy and, for that, the creation and application of quality indicators (QI) represent a fundamental tool. This study aims to identify and determine the degree of compliance with QIs in acute poisoning in adult hospital emergency departments (EDs) and to assess whether there exist differences by sex. Methods. Retrospective cohort of patients over 14 years of age diagnosed with acute poisoning treated in the ED of the Dr. Balmis University General Hospital in Alicante, between January 1st, 2018 and December 31st, 2021. Demographic variables, destination, type of toxins and cause of intoxication and 19 QI were compiled, being the outcome variable the degree of compliance with the QIs and the differences in the degree of compliance according to sex. Results. A total of 1144 patients were included, of whom 710 (62.1%) were women, with an average age of 42 years (SD 17). Heart rate and blood pressure were not taken in 17% of patients. Respiratory frequency was not measured in 99% and the Glasgow coma scale in 89%, with no differences between the sexes for any clinical constant (p>0.05). Benzodiazepines appeared in 46.4% of the patients, being the most frequent toxin for both sexes and with a higher prevalence in women (p<0.05). Alcohol appeared in third place (16.4%) with no differences between sexes (p=0.05) and cocaine was more prevalent in men (6%) (p<0.05). The digestive route of exposure occurred in 77.6% of the patients, similar for both sexes (p=0.052), and 47.3% had suicidal intent, more frequently in women (p<0.05). The time of exposure was recorded in 60.6% of those intoxicated with benzodiazepines, with inferiority for men (p<0.05). Paracetamol levels were determined in 58.3% of the patients for whom it was indicated, with no differences between sexes (p=0.062). Flumazenil was administered in 1.1% of patients without indication and 61.8% of those poisoned by CO did not receive early oxygen therapy, with inferiority in women (p<0.05). 41.9% of the patients were discharged after their care in the ED, women went to ED observation more frequently (21.3%), while more men were admitted to the ward (4.8%) and critical unit (3.5%) (p<0.05). 5.8% of the patients requested voluntary discharge and 3.1% escaped from the hospital, being more frequent in males (p<0.05). Conclusions. This work has allowed to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of the care of patients with acute poisoning in the ED, detecting errors and allowing the search for solutions and updating of work methods. In turn, it shows the existence of gender bias in the application of certain quality indicators for the care of these patients.
Palabras clave/Materias:
urgencias
intoxicaciones agudas
calidad
sexo
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG- Medicina



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