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Beneficio de la dexametasona en el control del dolor en el postoperatorio inmediato de la artroplastia total de cadera.


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Título :
Beneficio de la dexametasona en el control del dolor en el postoperatorio inmediato de la artroplastia total de cadera.
Autor :
Muñoz López, Irene
Tutor:
García-López, Antonio
Hernández Martínez, Irene
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Patología y Cirugía
Fecha de publicación:
2023-05-08
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/29720
Resumen :
Antecedentes El aumento de la prevalencia de la coxartrosis ha focalizado el esfuerzo terapéutico en el control álgico postoperatorio tras la artroplastia de cadera, pilar fundamental en el tratamiento de esta patología. En este sentido, la dexametasona intravenosa constituye un importante avance e...  Ver más
Introduction The increase in the prevalence of hip osteoarthritis has focused the therapeutic effort on postoperative pain control after hip arthroplasty which has become fundamental pillar in the treatment of this pathology. In this sense, intravenous dexamethasone constitutes an important advance in the control of postoperative pain. However, the ideal dose yet to be established. Method and materials In a retrospective study, a total of 19 patients who underwent coxarthrosis by means of total hip arthroplasty were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups. A group where a dose of dexamethasone prepared at the patient´s weight of 0.15 mg/kg was administered and a control group without administration of corticosteroids. Variables such as the degree of pain according to the visual analogue scale (VAS), opioid consumption and functional tests were analyzed. Results The use of dexamethasone did not produce statistically significant results in terms of the degree of pain according to the VAS scale, opioid consumption or functional tests (p>0.05). However, the association between variables allowed us to observe significant differences or with a tendency towards significance between functional tests such as the “Up and Go” test at 24 hours (p=0.037) and 48 hours (p=0.063) and the degree of pain according to the VAS scale at 48 horas (p=0.053) compared to the VAS scale at the first consultation. Conclusions The use of dexamethasone in the postoperative hip arthroplasty did not show an improvement in the degree of postoperative pain according to the VAS scale or in muscle function. However, the downward trend was evidenced in the consumption of opioids, analytical parameters such as C-reactive protein and the time of the “Up and Go” test was evident, without reaching statistical significance. No significant differences were observed in terms of adverse effects or complications in the dexamethasone group. The parameters most related to pain control at the first consultation were the degree of pain according to the VAS scale at 48 hours and the “Up and Go” test at 24 hours.
Palabras clave/Materias:
artroplastia de cadera
dexametasona
escala EVA
consumo de opiáceos
proteína C reactiva
test "Up and Go"
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG- Medicina



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