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Influencia de la pandemia Sars-CoV-2 en la evolución de la resistencia antibiótica de Pseudomonas aeruginosa en el Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis.

Título :
Influencia de la pandemia Sars-CoV-2 en la evolución de la resistencia antibiótica de Pseudomonas aeruginosa en el Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis.
Autor :
Fuster Hernández, Carmen
Tutor:
Rodríguez Díaz, Juan Carlos
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Producción Vegetal y Microbiología
Fecha de publicación:
2023-05-12
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/29661
Resumen :
Introducción. La resistencia antibiótica es un problema de salud global y supone una grave amenaza para nuestro sistema sanitario. Nuestro estudio se centra en Pseudomonas aeruginosa, un patógeno Gramnegativo, aerobio, ubicuo y oportunista que es responsable de una gran cantidad de infecciones noso...  Ver más
Introduction. Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem and represents a serious threat to our healthcare system. Our study focuses on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative, aerobic, ubiquitous, and opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for many nosocomial infections. Due to its virulence factors and resistance mechanisms, it is a pathogen of priority risk. Our hypothesis is that the use of antibiotics during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic could generate an increase in the resistance of this bacterium to some drugs. Material and methods. Cohort study, longitudinal and retrospective, in which a group of patients who presented an invasive infection by P. aeruginosa, was studied in the period from 2016 to 2022, at the Dr. Balmis University General Hospital of Alicante (HGUA). Patients were divided into two groups, the prepandemic group (n= 246) and the postpandemic group (n= 195), separated by the onset of the pandemic, which is considered the risk factor. The variable studied is the resistance in each drug and the group exposed to the risk factor is the postpandemic group. Subsequently, the resistance of each drug was compared between both groups to see if there were significant differences. Results. Of the nine drugs studied, a statistically significant increase in resistance was found in three of them: Amikacin experienced an increase in resistance of 8.1% (p= 0.007, OR= 2.06 (1.15-3.67), Gentamicin suffered an increase of 10.1% (p= 0.008, OR= 1.79 (1.11-2.907) and Tobramycin 9.3% (p= 0.001, OR=2.45 (1.36-4-4). Conclusions. Our study reveals that the pandemic has been able to influence increased resistance due to increased use of antibiotics, although more specific studies on the subject are needed. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and the implementation of measures to control the problem are vital.
Palabras clave/Materias:
resistencia antemicrobiana
pseudomonas aeruginosa
fármacos antibióticos
Sars-Cov-2
pandemia
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG- Medicina



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