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Secuelas clínicas, funcionales y radiológicas tras neumonía por SARS-COV-2 y su relación con el distrés respiratorio

Título :
Secuelas clínicas, funcionales y radiológicas tras neumonía por SARS-COV-2 y su relación con el distrés respiratorio
Autor :
Nájar Correas, Sara
Tutor:
Betlloch Mas, María Isabel
Chiner Vives, Eusebi
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Medicina Clínica
Fecha de publicación:
2022-05-18
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/28468
Resumen :
Introducción y objetivos: Se desconocen las secuelas a medio-largo plazo de los pacientes con síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto (SDRA) secundario a neumonía por SARS-CoV-2. Nuestro objetivo es describir las secuelas clínicas, funcionales y radiológicas más frecuentes, así como valorar si ...  Ver más
Introduction and aims: The medium-long-term sequelae of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are unknown. Our objective is to describe the most frequent clinical, functional, and radiological sequelae, as well as to assess whether the patients who developed ARDS during admission were more affected. Material and methods: Observational, prospective study, which includes patients with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who required admission between 03/01/2020 and 11/30/2020 and with subsequent follow-up in Pneumology consultations at 3-6 months after discharge with complete pulmonary function tests (spirometry, diffusion and lung volumes), as well as a 6-minute walk test when considered indicated. Demographic, clinical and radiological variables were included, as well as lung function tests. After descriptive analysis, the Student's T test, Mann-Whitney U, χ2 and Fisher's exact test were used for comparisons. Results: 150 patients were studied, with a mean age of 59 ± 12 years, of which 60% were men and 35% met criteria for ARDS. A 6-minute walk test was performed in 75 patients (50%). At 3 months after admission, 63% of the patients had clinical alterations, 35% radiological alterations, and 34% functional alterations. The most frequent symptoms were: dyspnea (49%), asthenia (31%), cough (14%), chest pain (10%) and myalgia (8%). The most frequent functional ones were: decrease in diffusion (33%), air trapping (23%), restriction (14%) and obstruction (12%). The radiological ones were: ground glass pattern (21%), septal thickening (14%), crosslinking (12%) and fibrotic bands (9%). Patients with ARDS during admission had more clinical sequelae as dyspnea (64%, p = 0.032) and asthenia (31%, p = 0.004). These patients presented worse FVC% (p = 0.001), FEV1% (p = 0.008), DLCO% (p = 0.001), VR% (p = 0.024), TLC% (p = 0.004) and also covered less distance in the 6-minute walk test (p = 0.036). They also had more radiological sequelae as ground glass pattern (46%, p = 0.0001), septal thickening (33%, p = 0.0001), reticulation (33%, p = 0.008) and fibrotic bands (21%, p = 0.002). Conclusions: 3-6 months after admission, the most frequent clinical alterations were dyspnea and asthenia. Functionally, the most frequent was the decrease in diffusion. The most common abnormalities on CT were ground glass pattern, septal thickening, and crosslinking. Patients who have presented severe pneumonia with ARDS have more sequelae from a clinical, functional and radiological point of view at 3 months of follow-up.
Palabras clave/Materias:
COVID-19
SDRA
Secuelas funcionales respiratorias
Función pulmonar
Secuelas radiológicas
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias aplicadas: Medicina
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Aparece en las colecciones:
TFG- Medicina



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.