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Regulación del reciclaje del ribosoma citoplásmico por el gen ABCE2 de Arabidopsis


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Título :
Regulación del reciclaje del ribosoma citoplásmico por el gen ABCE2 de Arabidopsis
Autor :
Navarro Quiles, Carla
Tutor:
Micol Molina, José Luis
Editor :
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Biología Aplicada
Fecha de publicación:
2021-07-27
URI :
https://hdl.handle.net/11000/27504
Resumen :
La mayoría de los genes que codifican proteínas implicadas en la traducción en Arabidopsis thaliana (en adelante, Arabidopsis) tienen parálogos cercanos. Sus alelos nulos son viables y causan un fenotipo morfológico débil pero distinguible del silvestre: generan hojas apuntadas e indentadas, con un...  Ver más
Most of the genes that encode proteins involved in translation in Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter referred to as Arabidopsis) have close paralogs. Their null alleles are viable and cause a morphological phenotype that is mild but distinguishable from the wild type: they produce pointed and dentate leaves, with an aberrant venation pattern usually ascribed to a perturbed auxin homeostasis. The sequences of ATP-Binding Cassette E (ABCE) proteins are conserved among archaea and eukaryotes. It has been shown in the archaeon Saccharolobus solfataricus, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and humans, that ABCEs are essential for cytoplasmic ribosome recycling. In these three distinct and distant species, an ABCE protein dissociates the two ribosomal subunits after translation termination, and escorts the 30S/40S subunit to the initiation of a new cycle of protein synthesis. There is no experimental evidence of the involvement in translation of any ABCE from the plant kingdom. In almost all studied genomes, ABCE is a single-copy gene, and only those from some insects, fishes and plants, like Arabidopsis, contain two, usually named ABCE1 and ABCE2. In this Thesis, we studied the Arabidopsis apiculata7-1 (api7-1) mutant, which was isolated in the laboratory of J.L. Micol, and carries a viable, recessive and hypomorphic allele of ABCE2. The morphological phenotype of api7-1 is similar to those caused by viable null alleles of genes encoding components of the translation machinery. We also studied api7-2, an insertional, recessive lethal allele of ABCE2. We characterized the morphological, histological and molecular phenotypes of api7-1, paying special attention to the venation pattern of its flat organs, concluding that it is severely perturbed in first-node rosette leaves, at a lesser extent in cotyledons, and third-node and cauline leaves, and wild-type in sepals and petals. Given that auxin biosynthesis, polar transport and signaling contribute to leaf venation patterning, we obtained api7-1 PIN1pro:PIN1:GFP plants, which carry a translational fusion of the genes encoding the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED 1 (PIN1) and the green fluorescent protein (GFP). We also obtained api7-1 DR5pro:3XVENUS:N7 plants, which carry a reporter transgene of auxin signaling. The study of the roots of these transgenic plants using confocal microscopy indicated that auxin transport and perception are decreased and increased, respectively. We performed an RNA-seq analysis of the api7-1 transcriptome, concluding that the genes that encode enzymes involved in the main auxin biosynthesis pathway are upregulated. Our results suggest that an overproduction of auxin is partially responsible of the aberrations observed in the venation of api7-1 leaves. Arabidopsis ABCE2 contains two iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters. We observed that genes involved in the response to iron and sulfur starvation are upregulated in api7-1, possibly to compensate for the loss of function of the mutant ABCE2 protein. The increase in intracellular iron content might induce that of reactive oxygen species, as suggested by the upregulation of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress that we also observed in our RNA-seq of api7-1. We obtained an ABCE2pro:ABCE2:YFP transgene that restores the wild-type phenotype in the api7-1 mutant. In a co-immunoprecipitation assay, we found that the ABCE2:YFP fusion protein interacts with several components of the translation machinery. One of these is EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 3J (eIF3j), whose role in ribosome recycling as an ABCE accessory factor has been described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human cells. This observation suggests that the Arabidopsis ABCE2 protein and, by extension, all its plant orthologs, participate in ribosome recycling. The 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) and 3′ UTR of eukaryotic mRNAs contain sequences for the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human cells, ABCE1 loss of function hinders ribosome dissociation, and allows ribosomes to enter the 3′ UTR. In turn, the passage of the ribosomes through the 3′ UTR displaces the regulatory elements bound to that region, increasing or decreasing mRNA lifespan. The api7-1 mutant is a suitable candidate to ascertain whether this process also occurs in plants; in that case, this would corroborate the involvement of Arabidopsis ABCE2 in ribosome recycling. We found that several Brassicaceae species contain two ABCE genes. Our phylogenetic analysis indicates that the duplication of the ancestral gene occurred in Rosidae before the divergence of the Brassicaceae family. In addition, we determined that the ABCE1 genes are under a lower evolutionary pressure than their ABCE2 paralogs. The ABCE2pro:ABCE1 transgene, but not ABCE1pro:ABCE2, partially restores the wild-type phenotype in api7-1 plants. ABCE1 expression is very low in Arabidopsis, with a maximum at the flower, whose morphological phenotype is indistinguishable from wild type in the api7-1 mutant. These observations suggest that the proteins encoded by the ABCE1 and ABCE2 genes, but not their promoters, are functionally redundant. ABCE2 seems to conserve its ancestral function, while ABCE1 is undergoing subfunctionalization or pseudogenization.
Palabras clave/Materias:
Genética molecular de plantas
Desarrollo vegetal
Genética vegetal
Biología vegetal de plantas
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias puras y naturales: Biología
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias e Ingenierías



Creative Commons La licencia se describe como: Atribución-NonComercial-NoDerivada 4.0 Internacional.