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Búsqueda y caracterización biofísica de regiones membranotrópicas de las proteínas estructurales de HCV. Búsqueda de inhibidores de la entrada del virus


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Título :
Búsqueda y caracterización biofísica de regiones membranotrópicas de las proteínas estructurales de HCV. Búsqueda de inhibidores de la entrada del virus
Autor :
Pérez Berná, Ana Joaquina
Tutor:
Villalaín Boullón, José
Departamento:
Departamentos de la UMH::Bioquímica y Biología Molecular
Fecha de publicación:
2008-09-19
URI :
http://hdl.handle.net/11000/1727
Resumen :
El virus de la hepatitis C (HCV) es el agente causal de enfermedades hepáticas humanas tanto crónicas y como agudas, incluyendo entre éstas, hepatitis crónicas, cirrosis y hepatocarcinomas (Penin et al., 2004; Tan et al., 2002). En todo el mundo hay entre 170 y 300 millones de infectados por este v...  Ver más
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of acute and chronic liver disease in humans, including chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (Penin et al., 2004; Tan et al., 2002). There is no vaccine to prevent the HCV infection and current therapeutic agents have had a limited success against HCV infection (Qureshi, 2007). The HCV genome is widely heterogeneous; therefore, the regions implicated in fusion and/or budding have important significance because they are the most conservative region along the virus sequence. Finding protein-membrane and protein–protein interaction inhibitors should be a good strategy against HCV infection as they might become in potential therapeutic agents. The structural proteins of HCV consist of the core protein, which forms the viral nucleocapsid, the envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2, both of them transmembrane proteins and the p7 protein. The HCV core protein is well conserved among the different HCV strains (Cha et al., 1992). This protein has many functions, although one of the most important is its implication in the budding process. We have analysed and identified regions 29-46, 57-74, 85-123 and 155-172 as the most membrane-active regions of the HCV core protein. Future studies of these regions could be important for understanding the molecular mechanism of viral budding as well as making possible the future development of HCV assembly inhibitors which may lead to new vaccine strategies. Protein p7 is essential for the efficient assembly and release of infectious virions indicating that p7 is primarily involved in the late phase of the virus replication cycle (Steinmann et al., 2007). We have reported the identification of a membranotropic region in p7 coincidental with the loop domain of this protein. One peptide from this domain forms pores whose size is comprised between 6 and 23 Å, which is a similar pore diameter that the pore formed by the native protein. Therefore this protein domain may be essential for the formation of the active ion channel. Accordingly, the p7 loop appears to be an attractive candidate for antiviral drug development leading to new vaccine strategiesThe HCV envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2 are truncated class II fusion proteins (Garry and Dash, 2003). To investigate the structural basis of HCV membrane fusion and identify new targets for searching new fusion inhibitors, we have carried out the analysis of the different regions of HCV E1 and E2 envelope glycoproteins which might interact with phospholipid membranes. After the location of the fusion domain we have made an in-depth biophysical characterization of their interaction with the membrane. We propose the region 603-634, one of the most E2 fusogenic region, to be implicated in the fusion process, affecting the structure of the membrane and helping in the fusion process to the fusion peptide in the disruption the membrane topology and destabilization the target membrane. We have proposed the segment encompassing residues 309-340 of the HCV E1 glycoprotein, another region implicated in the fusion process, in a similar way than the PreTM domain of class I fusion proteins (Guillen et al., 2007; Sainz et al., 2005; Suarez et al., 2000). The peptide binds to the membrane surface and modulates the phospholipid biophysical properties, is located in the membrane surface and perturbs significatively the bilayer architecture. We suggest that the E1 region where the E1PTM peptide is located might be a fusion determinant and probably has an essential role in the membrane fusion process. If that were true, it would imply that both HCV E1 and E2 glycoproteins are directly implicated in the mechanism that makes possible the entry of the HCV virus into its cellular host. We have located the fusion peptide of HCV in the region 274-298 in the E1 glycoprotein. We have observed that the peptide disturbs the membrane and it is inserted into the lipid bilayer interphase. The peptide showed, similarly to HCVpp, an increased fusogenic effect in the presence of cholesterol as well as it stabilised nonlamellar structures in the membrane. This region might be essential for the assistance and enhancement of the viral and cell fusion process. As a working hypothesis, if these membranotropic regions of the proteins would not interact with the membrane, the fusion process could not happen, and therefore the virus could not enter into the host cell. We have tried to prevent the interaction of these membranotropic regions with the membrane by using other peptides from the envelope glycoproteins which might interact between them. After several screenings, we have found two peptides directed against the fusion peptide region that reduced about 93% and 98% the leakage and hemifusion effect of the target. We have assayed in vivo the entry
Palabras clave/Materias:
Bioquimica
proteínas estructurales
Área de conocimiento :
CDU: Ciencias puras y naturales: Biología: Bioquímica. Biología molecular. Biofísica
Tipo de documento :
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Derechos de acceso:
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones:
Tesis doctorales - Ciencias e Ingenierías



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