https://hdl.handle.net/11000/5022 2026-06-12T07:28:42Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40002 Título : Assessing the effectiveness and feasibility of the Experienced Carers Helping Others program in relatives of adolescents with eating disorders using an online application format with individual sessions Autor : Ruiz, Álvaro; Quiles, Yolanda; León-Zarceño, Eva; Quiles, María José; Roncero, María; Sanmartín, Ricardo Resumen : Eating disorders (ED) usually involve hospital admission and a high relapse rate, with the return home being a critical moment for patients and their families. After their return home, they often have trouble incorporating the guidelines they have learned into their daily context. ECHOMANTRA intervention program aims to facilitate this transition by offering psychological strategies that involve both patients and their families and carers. Specifically, the ECHO program is aimed at the relatives of these patients. The present study aimed to analyze the efficacy of adding the ECHO program to the usual treatment (TAU) of relatives through a novel format based on individual intervention and with an online format and to examine the acceptability and feasibility of this new format. The study design was multi-center, randomized, controlled, with a longitudinal design and comparing two parallel groups. A total of 108 family members participated. Results indicated that relatives from both groups, TAU and ECHO + TAU, showed improvements in expressed emotion, accommodation, impact of the ED, emotional well-being, and caregiver skills. However, effect sizes in the ECHO + TAU group were slightly larger than the TAU group. In addition, the changes were greater in depression and caregiver skills when the ECHO component was added. Most caregivers (81.48%) completed the ECHO and indicated a high level of satisfaction with the program. These results suggest the efficacy and the feasibility of adding the ECHO intervention program to the usual treatment in an individual online format. 2026-06-03T07:21:56Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40001 Título : Application of the ECHOMANTRA Program in the Treatment of an Adult Patient With Anorexia Nervosa: A Clinical Report With Family Involvement Autor : Payá-López, Sofía; Kovacheva, Katina; Ruiz, Álvaro; Galindo, Inés; Quiles, Yolanda Resumen : Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality and frequent relapse in adulthood. Although evidence-based treatments exist, their effectiveness remains limited, and few involve caregivers despite evidence supporting their role. This single-case study explored the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the ECHOMANTRA program—a brief, manualized, online intervention based on the cognitive–interpersonal model—as an adjunct to treatment-asusual (TAU) for an adult woman with AN and her mother. The eight-session intervention included MANTRA-based modules for the patient and ECHO-based modules for the caregiver, supported by manuals and personalized workbooks. Assessments were conducted at pre-treatment, posttreatment, and three-month follow-up using validated self-report measures. Patient outcomes included eating disorder symptoms (EDE-Q), emotional distress (DASS-21), functional impairment (CIA 3.0), and quality of life. Carer outcomes included symptom accommodation (AESED), perceived illness impact (EDSIS), and caregiving skills (CASK). Results showed clinically meaningful reductions in eating disorder symptoms, emotional dysregulation, and functional impairment in the patient, with gains maintained at follow-up. A transient post-treatment increase in emotional distress likely reflected greater illness insight, which subsided by follow-up. The caregiver reported decreased accommodation, lower burden, and improved caregiving competence. Both participants adhered to and were highly satisfied with the intervention. Findings offer preliminary support for ECHOMANTRA as a feasible and potentially effective adjunct to standard care, highlighting the value of integrating caregiver-focused strategies into adult AN treatment. 2026-06-03T07:21:27Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/40000 Título : Uncovering the association between broad emotional dysregulation and emotional eating: A meta-analysis Autor : Mendia, Jara; Quiles, Yolanda; Pascual, Aitziber; Ruiz, Álvaro; Manchón, Javier; Conejero, Susana; Pizarro, José J.; Alonso-Arbiol, Itziar Resumen : Emotional eating refers to the consumption of food in response to pleasant or unpleasant emotions. This behavior has frequently been linked to emotional dysregulation; however, the results obtained are inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analytic study was to conduct a meta-analysis to synthesize the available evidence on the relationship between broad emotional dysregulation and emotional eating, as well as to identify possible moderators of this association. A systematic search was conducted in March 2025 in the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, APA PsycInfo, and APA PsycArticles. Inclusion criteria comprised quantitative studies published in English or Spanish, analyzing the broad emotional dysregulation-emotional eating relationship, and reporting sufficient data to extract effect sizes. This systematic search yielded 40 studies and 42 samples (N = 14,481; Mage = 26.8; SDage = 11.6; 67.8% females). The results revealed a positive, moderate association between broad emotional dysregulation and emotional eating (rpooled = .337 [.279, .396]). The valence of emotional eating and sample type emerged as relevant moderators. The association was stronger when focusing on studies that exclusively analyzed negative emotional eating (rpooled = .286 [.226, .345]) and became nonsignificant for studies addressing positive emotional eating (rpooled = .055 [-.113, .220]). Moreover, the links were stronger for non-clinical samples as compared to clinical ones. This review helps to better understand the association between broad emotional dysregulation and emotional eating and will contribute to preventing and intervening in this problem by developing new and more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. 2026-06-03T07:20:48Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39999 Título : Effectiveness of Family Intervention Programs Based on the Interpersonal Cognitive Model of Anorexia: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Autor : Quiles-Marcos, Yolanda; Ruiz-Maciá, Álvaro; Payá-López, Sofía; Kovacheva, Katina; Albaladejo-Sánchez, Manuel Jesús; Cañas, Elizabeth; León-Zarceño, Eva; López-López, José Antonio Resumen : Introduction: This paper aims to examine family intervention programs based on the Cognitive‐Interpersonal Maintenance Model of anorexia nervosa (AN) and their impact on patients and carers. Method: A systematic search was undertaken across several databases through 20 December 2024 in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses. Results: 15 studies were identified. Meta‐analyses of patient outcomes revealed no significant differences in BMI, eating disorder symptomatology, or emotional well‐being between intervention and control groups at post‐treatment or 12‐month followup. In contrast, carers showed significant improvements in emotional well‐being and expressed emotion at post‐treatment, with benefits maintained at follow‐up, and enhanced caregiving skills. These family intervention programs yielded better results in the evaluated variables among carers compared to the other programs with which they were compared. Moderator analyses suggested that these interventions are more effective in improving caregiving skills if they are delivered in a face‐to‐face format and improve caregivers' emotional well‐being and accommodation to a greater extent when patients are younger. Conclusions: The present findings highlight the positive impact of family intervention programs based on this model on carers, particularly in enhancing their emotional well‐being, expressed emotion and care skills. Future studies should continue to refine these programs to optimise benefits for all stakeholders involved. 2026-06-03T07:19:54Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39998 Título : Efficacy of the ECHOMANTRA Individual Online Intervention to Support Recovery From Eating Disorders in Adolescent Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial Autor : Ruiz, Álvaro; Quiles, Yolanda; León, E.; Vila, M. L.; Piera, G.; Navarro, Amparo; Pagán, G.; Segura, M.; Agulló, I.; Llorca, G.; Romero, C.; España, M. Resumen : Introduction: ECHOMANTRA supports both patients and carers as an adjunct to treatment in Eating Disorders (Eds). Objective: This study evaluates the efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of ECHOMANTRA as an add‐on to treatment‐as‐usual (TAU) for adolescent ED patients and their carers, using an individualised online format. Method: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial compared two parallel groups (TAU þ ECHOMANTRA vs. TAU alone) with 108 patient‐carer dyads. Results: Patients in both groups showed improvements in BMI, ED symptoms, emotional state, quality of life, confidence in change, obsessiveness, and perfectionism, with larger effects in the ECHOMANTRA þ TAU group. Carers in both groups improved in expressed emotion, accommodation, perceived ED impact, and emotional well‐being, with greater effects in the ECHOMANTRA þ TAU group. Only carers in this group improved in caregiver skills. Completion rates were high (patients: 87.04%, carers: 81.84%), with strong satisfaction. Conclusions: ECHOMANTRA is an effective, feasible online intervention that enhances outcomes for adolescent ED patients and carers when added to standard care. 2026-06-03T07:01:07Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39997 Título : Uso de las redes sociales y su relación con la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, la ansiedad y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en jóvenes Autor : García-Cartagena, Sandra; Quiles-Marcos, Yolanda Resumen : Actualmente existe una preocupación notable por la influencia que las redes sociales tienen en los jóvenes. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre conductas alimentarias de riesgo, insatisfacción corporal y ansiedad con el uso de las redes sociales. Se contó con una muestra de 144 participantes residentes en España, 53 hombres (36.8%) y 91 mujeres (63.2%), con una media de edad de 23 años (DT = 3.15). Para el estudio se emplearon los cuestionarios Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Test de Adicción a las Redes Sociales (TARS) y dos encuestas ad hoc para los datos sociodemográficos e información sobre el tipo de redes sociales usadas, su frecuencia y el tipo de contenidos. Con todo ello, los resultados obtenidos muestran una mayor frecuencia de uso de WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok y YouTube por parte de los jóvenes. Los análisis de relación mostraron que las conductas alimentarias de riesgo, la preocupación por la imagen corporal, la ansiedad estado y la adicción a las redes sociales se relacionaban de manera positiva y significativa en las chicas; sin embargo, en los chicos no sucedía lo mismo. Además, tanto los chicos como las chicas con mayor preocupación por la imagen corporal informaban que se sentían mal frente a aquellas cuentas en las que se mostraban cuerpos «perfectos», y que tendían a comparar su cuerpo con el de otras personas. Por todo ello, es importante considerar la relación de las redes sociales en la aparición de la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, síntomas propios de los trastornos alimentarios y ansiedad en los jóvenes.; Actualment hi ha una preocupació notable per la influència de les xarxes socials en els joves. L’objectiu d’aquest estudi és analitzar la relació entre les conductes alimentàries de risc, la insatisfacció corporal i l’ansietat amb l’ús de les xarxes socials. L’estudi va comptar amb una mostra de 144 participants residents a Espanya, 53 homes (36,8%) i 91 dones (63,2%), d’una edat mitjana de 23 anys (DT = 3,15). Es van utilitzar els qüestionaris Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Test d’Addicció a les Xarxes Socials (TARS) i dues enquestes ad hoc per obtenir dades sociodemogràfiques i informació sobre el tipus de xarxes socials utilitzades, la seva freqüència i el tipus de continguts consumits. Els resultats obtinguts indiquen que WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok i YouTube són les xarxes socials més utilitzades pels joves. Les anàlisis de relació van mostrar que les conductes alimentàries de risc, la preocupació per la imatge corporal, l’ansietat estat i l’addicció a les xarxes socials es relacionaven de manera positiva i significativa en les noies; no obstant això, en els nois no es va observar la mateixa relació. A més, tant nois com noies més preocupats per la seva imatge corporal van informar que se sentien malament quan veien comptes que mostraven cossos «perfectes», i que tendien a comparar el seu cos amb el d’altres persones. Per tot això, és important considerar la influència de les xarxes socials en l’aparició de la insatisfacció amb la imatge corporal, els símptomes propis dels trastorns alimentaris i l’ansietat en els joves.; Currently there is a notable concern about the influence that social media has on young people. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between risky eating behaviors, body dissatisfaction, and anxiety with the use of social media. A sample of 144 participants residing in Spain was included, with 53 being males (36.8%) and 91 being females (63.2%), with a mean age of 23 years (SD=3.15). The study employed the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Social Media Addiction Test (TARS), and two ad-hoc questionnaires for sociodemographic data and information about the type of social media platforms used, frequency, and types of content. The results obtained show a higher frequency of use among young people for WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok and YouTube. Relationship analyses showed that risky eating behaviors, body image concerns, state anxiety and social media addiction were positively and significantly related in girls, but not in boys. Additionally, both boys and girls who were more concerned about their body image reported feeling bad when exposed to accounts showcasing “perfect” bodies and tended to compare their own bodies to those of others. Therefore, it is important to consider the relationship between social media and the emergence of body image dissatisfaction, symptoms related to eating disorders, and anxiety in young people. 2026-06-03T06:56:36Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39829 Título : Estudio de la incidencia de ampollas en el trekking y sus factores asociados Autor : Chicharro-Luna, Esther; Orozco Beltrán, Domingo; Sánchez Pérez, Salvador P.; López Ros, Paloma; Padrós Flores, Nuria Resumen : Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados con la presencia de ampollas durante el senderismo. Método: La población de estudio fueron 1155 peregrinos que recibieron asistencia podológica. La información fue obtenida mediante una anamnesis y una exploración podológica. Los factores analizados fueron: edad, sexo, entrenamiento previo, nacionalidad, tipo de calzado, antigüedad del mismo y kilómetros realizados. Resultados: Las ampollas se encontraron en el 71,9 % de los peregrinos y se distribuyeron de manera similar en ambos pies, afectando principalmente el talón (20%) y el quinto dedo (14,6 %). Se encontró asociación con el sexo (p < 0,05). Las deportivas fueron las menos asociadas con ampollas (p = 0,03). No hubo relación significativa con el entrenamiento previo y el uso de calzado nuevo. Conclusiones: La incidencia de ampollas entre los senderistas fue del 80 %, y se asoció con el sexo (mayor en la mujer) y el tipo de calzado.; Objective: The study objective was to determine the factors associated with presence of blisters during hiking. Methods: The study population included 1155 pilgrims who received podiatry care. The information sources used to obtain the study variables were history by a previously devised questionnaire and foot examination. The analyzed factors were age, gender, prior training, nationality, footwear type, worn versus new shoes and kilometers hiked. Results: Blisters were found in 71.9% of pilgrims. Blisters were distributed similarly on both feet, mostly on the heel (20%) and the 5th toe (14.6%). Gender was an associated variable (p<0.05).The sport shoes were the least associated with presence of blisters (p=0.03). We found no significant relationship with prior training and use of worn shoes. Conclusions: The incidence of blisters among hikers is almost 80%, and is associated with gender (more in woman) and footwear type. 2026-05-04T15:48:47Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39828 Título : Valoración del daño corporal en pie y tobillo. Aportaciones desde el ámbito del podólogo Autor : Padrós Flores, Nuria; Alonso Montero, C.; Cardona Llorens, A. Resumen : En la Valoración del Daño Corporal se utilizan baremos ya que la cuantificación es primordial dentro de la labor pericial médica. Estos baremos en la mayoría de los casos no son de obligado cumplimiento y el hecho de que existan distintos baremos produce una falta de uniformidad. Revisados los baremos actuales en relación a la valoración del daño en tobillo y pie obtenemos las siguientes conclusiones: Cuando los baremos valoran los grados de limitación articular es preciso que se especifique cómo se realiza la medición. Sería necesario homogeneizar los criterios para reducir la variabilidad interobservador y favorecen la reproductibilidad de las mediciones. Se otorga mucha importancia a las mediciones clínicas que son muy variables y poca a las valoraciones funcionales. Es preciso valorar la necesidad de utilizar elementos ortoprotésicos para mejorar la función.; In the Evaluation of damage corporal scales are used since the quantification is essential inside the medical expert work. These scales in most cases are not of forced fulfillment and the fact that different scales exist it produces an absence of uniformity. Checked the current scales as regards the evaluation of the damage in ankle and foot we obtain the following conclusions: When the scales value the limitation grades articulating is necessary that is specified how the measurement is realized. It would be necessary to homogenize the criteria to reduce the changeability interobserver and they favor the reproduce of the measurements. A lot of importance is granted to the clinical measurements that they are very variable and small to the functional evaluations. It is necessary to value the need to use elements ortoprotesics to improve the function 2026-05-04T15:47:34Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/38383 Título : Competencias transversales en la universidad: validación de un cuestionario para su evaluación Autor : Solanes Puchol, Ángel; Martín del Río, Beatriz; García Selva, Adrián Resumen : Las competencias transversales constituyen un elemento clave para la formación académico-profesional e inserción sociolaboral del alumnado universitario. Numerosos estudios dan cuenta de una brecha entre el nivel de competencias genéricas y el nivel demandado por el mercado laboral. La evaluación de estas competencias se torna fundamental en la formación universitaria, por lo que es necesario contar con herramientas de evaluación válidas. Objetivo: Desarrollar un instrumento de medición que evalúe eficazmente dichas competencias. Método: Se ha diseñado un cuestionario a partir del modelo utilizado por Solanes et al. (2008), utilizando el método Delphi para evaluar la validez de contenido. La prueba fue administrada a 946 estudiantes, dividiendo esta muestra en cuatro subgrupos iguales para efectuar dos análisis paralelos y dos análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Resultados: La escala definitiva está compuesta por 38 ítems que explican el 53.1% de la varianza, con un omega de McDonald de .94. El análisis paralelo revela una estructura factorial de cinco factores. Asimismo, los análisis factoriales confirmatorios proporcionan evidencias de validez sobre la estructura interna del cuestionario (CMIN/DF = 1.903; RMSEA = .062; CFI = .91; PNFI = .657; NFI = .90; RMR = .042; PGFI = .88). Discusión: Se proporciona un instrumento que reúne las especificaciones para ser considerado una herramienta válida y fiable, que evalúa las competencias transversales más demandadas por el mercado laboral.; Introduction: Transversal competences constitute a key element for the academic-professional training and sociolabour insertion of university students. Numerous studies reveal a gap between the level of generic skills and the level demanded by the labor market. The evaluation of these competencies becomes essential in university education, so it is necessary to have valid evaluation tools. Objective: To develop a measurement instrument that effectively evaluates said competencies. Method: a questionnaire has been designed based on the model used by Solanes et al. (2008), using the Delphi method to assess content validity. The test has been administered to 946 students, dividing this sample into four equal subgroups to carry out two parallel analyzes and two confirmatory factor analyzes. Results: The final scale is composed of 38 items that explain 53.1% of the variance, with a McDonald’s omega of .94. The parallel analysis reveals a factorial structure of five factors. Likewise, the confirmatory factor analyzes provide evidence of validity on the internal structure of the questionnaire (CMIN/DF = 1.903; RMSEA = .062; CFI = .91; PNFI = .657; NFI = .90; RMR = .042; PGFI = .88). Discussion: An instrument is provided that meets the specifications to be considered a valid and reliable tool, which evaluates the transversal skills most demanded by the labor market. 2025-11-21T11:33:23Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/38379 Título : Revisiting Psychological Contract Measurement: Validation of the PSYCONES Questionnaire Autor : García Selva, Adrián; Martín del Río, Beatriz; Ramos López, José Resumen : The psychological contract is a fundamental construct for understanding the relationships established between employee and employer. However, the current literature states that there is no validated instrument to measure this construct. The present research aims to validate the psychological contract questionnaire developed by the PSYCONES team, providing empirical evidence on its reliability and validity in the current labor context. A sample of 1764 workers in the Spanish labor market was used, and a cross-validation process was applied, in which exploratory factor analysis was performed and various models (CFA, ESEM, CFA bifactor and ESEM bifactor) were tested to evaluate the structure of the questionnaire. In addition, multigroup invariance analyses were performed to examine the stability of the model according to gender and job level. The results indicated that the four-factor ESEM model showed the best fit and representation of the following dimensions of the psychological contract: fulfillment of company promises, fulfillment of employee promises, psychological contract violation, and perception of justice and trust. Likewise, the scale showed significant relationships with job satisfaction and organizational commitment, reinforcing its concurrent validity. This study provides a psychometrically robust instrument to assess the psychological contract in the workplace, offering a basis for future research and practical applications in different organizational contexts. 2025-11-21T11:10:20Z