https://hdl.handle.net/11000/425 2026-04-28T17:44:10Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39813 Título : Assessment of human dietary exposure to arsenic through rice Autor : Davis, Matthew A.; Signes-Pastor, Antonio Jose; Argos, Maria; Slaughter, Francis; Pendergrast, Claire; Punshon, Tracy; Gossai, Anala; Ahsan, Habibul; Karagas, Margaret R Resumen : Rice accumulates 10-fold higher inorganic arsenic (i-As), an established human carcinogen, than other grains. This review summarizes epidemiologic studies that examined the association between rice consumption and biomarkers of arsenic exposure. After reviewing the literature we identified 20 studies, among them included 18 observational and 2 human experimental studies that reported on associations between rice consumption and an arsenic biomarker. Among individuals not exposed to contaminated water, rice is a source of i-As exposure – rice consumption has been consistently related to arsenic biomarkers, and the relationship has been clearly demonstrated in experimental studies. Early-life i-As exposure is of particular concern due to its associationwith lifelong adverse health outcomes. Maternal rice consumption during pregnancy also has been associatedwith infant toenail total arsenic concentrations indicating that dietary exposure during pregnancy results in fetal exposure. Thus, the collective evidence indicates that rice is an independent source of arsenic exposure in populations around the world and highlights the importance of investigating its affect on health. 2026-04-27T08:57:21Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39812 Título : Phytoremediation assessment of Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans grown in arsenic-contaminated hydroponic conditions as a safe and feasible alternative to be applied in arsenic-contaminated soils of the Bengal Delta Autor : Signes-Pastor, Antonio Jose; Munera, Sandra; Burló, Francisco; Cano-Lamadrid, Marina; Carbonell-Barrachina, Ángel A. Resumen : Several agricultural fields show high contents of arsenic because of irrigation with arseniccontaminated groundwater. Vegetables accumulate arsenic in their edible parts when grown in contaminated soils. Polluted vegetables are one of the main sources of arsenic in the food chain, especially for people living in rural arsenic endemic villages of India and Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of floriculture in the crop rotation system of arsenic endemic areas of the Bengal Delta. The effects of different arsenic concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg As L−1) and types of flowering plant (Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans) on plant growth and arsenic accumulation were studied under hydroponic conditions. Total arsenic was quantified using atomic absorption spectrometer with hydride generation (HG-AAS). Arsenic was mainly accumulated in the roots (72 %), followed by leaves (12 %), stems (10 %), and flowers (<1 %). The flowering plants studied did not show as high phytoremediation capacities as other wild species, such as ferns. However, they behaved as arsenic tolerant plants and grew and bloomed well, without showing any phytotoxic signs. This study proves that floriculture could be included within the crop rotation system in arsenic-contaminated agricultural soils, in order to improve food safety and also food security by increasing farmer’s revenue. 2026-04-27T08:56:39Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39167 Título : Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk Autor : JULIBERT, ALICIA; Bibiloni, Maria del Mar; Bouzas, Cristina; Martínez González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Zomeño, Maria Dolors; Romaguera, Dora; Vioque, Jesus; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel; Wärnberg, Julia; Martínez, J. Alfredo; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J Resumen : Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55-75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3-1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia. 2026-02-11T12:02:13Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39166 Título : Prevalencia de obesidad de acuerdo a tres índices antropométricos en una muestra representativa de la Comunidad Valenciana Autor : Torres-Collado, Laura; Garcia de la Hera, Manuela; Navarrete-Muñoz, Eva María; González Palacios, Sandra; Oncina Canovas, Alejandro; Vioque, Jesús Resumen : Introducción: La obesidad es un problema de salud pública que afecta y que ha aumentado rápidamente en la última década en un gran número de países en el mundo. Además, es un factor de riesgo importante en la enfermedad cardiovascular y se ha mostrado como un posible factor de riesgo en la mortalidad especialmente por enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de obesidad de acuerdo a tres índices antropométricos como el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), la Circunferencia de Cintura (CC) y el porcentaje de Grasa Corporal (% GC) medido por impedancia bioeléctrica y estimar los índices de validez y exactitud para definir obesidad según IMC y CC, usando como referencia el % GC. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal que incluye a 141 participantes de la Encuesta de Nutrición de Comunidad Valenciana realizada en 1994 que fueron evaluados de nuevo 10 años después. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas usando protocolos estandarizados para peso y talla, obteniendo IMC, CC y % GC. Los puntos de corte utilizados para defin 30 kg/m2, CC > 102 cm en hombres y > 88 cm en mujeres, y un % GC > 27 para hombres y > 40 en mujeres. Se estimaron coeficientes de correlación ajustados por edad entre los distintos indicadores antropométricos. Se estimó la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos para IMC y CC utilizando % GC como referencia. Resultados: La prevalencia de obesidad fue 19,9% (IMC), 37,6% (CC) y 38,3% (%GC). La correlación osciló entre 0,232 para CC-% GC y 0,829 para IMC-CC. Utilizando el % GC como método de referencia, el IMC mostró mayor especificidad (en mujeres 92,6% y en hombres 93,9%) y la CC mayor sensibilidad (en mujeres 83,3% y en hombres 53,7%) para detectar obesidad. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de obesidad difiere según el indicador antropométrico utilizado. La CC, dada su fácil medición, puede ser el indicador más apropiado a utilizar en estudios de base poblacional y programas preventivos para detectar obesidad en adultos.; Introduction: Obesity is a public health problem that affects and has increased rapidly in the last decade in a large number of countries in the world. Moreover, it is an important cardiovascular risk factor and has been shown to be a possible risk factor in mortality, specially due to chronic disease. Objective: To determine the prevalence of obesity according to three anthropometric indexes: Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage (% BF) measured by bioelectrical impedance and to estimate the validity and accuracy of BMI and WC indexes to define obesity using % BF as reference method. Material and methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study that included 141 participants from the Nutrition Survey of Comunidad de Valencia conducted in 1994, who were evaluated again 10 years later. Anthropometric measurements were made with standardized protocols for weight and height obtaining BMI, CC and % GC. We classified the participants as obese (yes/no) using the following cut-off points of BMI 30 kg/m2, WC > 102 cm in men and > 88 cm in women, and % BF > 27 for men and 40 in women. Correlation coefficients between anthropometric indexes adjusting by age were obtained. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were estimated for BMI and WC using % BF as reference. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 19.9%, 37.6 and 38.3% using BMI, WC and % BF respectively. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.232 for WC-% BF and 0.829 for BMI-WC. Using the % BF as reference, the BMI showed greater specificity (92,6% in women and 93,9% in men) and WC greater sensitivity (83,3% in women and 53,7% in men) to detect obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity differs according to the anthropometric index used. WC, given its easy measurement may be the most appropriate indicator to be used in populationbased studies and preventive programs to detect obesity in adults. 2026-02-11T12:01:38Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39165 Título : Mediterranean diet and quality of life: Baseline cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-PLUS trial Autor : Galilea-Zabalza, Iñigo; Buil-Cosiales, Pilar; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Toledo, Estefanía; CAROLINA, ORTEGA-AZORÍN; DIEZ-ESPINO, JAVIER; Vazquez-Ruiz, Zenaida; Zomeño, M. Dolores; Vioque, Jesus; Martínez, Jose Alfredo; Romaguera, Dora; Perez-Farinos, Napoleón; Lopez Miranda, Jose; Estruch, Ramón; Bueno Cavanillas, Aurora Resumen : We assessed if a 17-item score capturing adherence to a traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) was associated with better health-related quality of life among older Spanish men and women with overweight or obesity harboring the metabolic syndrome. We analyzed baseline data from 6430 men and women (age 55-70 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus study. PREDIMED-Plus is a multi-centre randomized trial testing an energy-restricted MedDiet combined with promotion of physical activity and behavioral therapy for primary cardiovascular prevention compared to a MedDiet alone. Participants answered a 36-item questionnaire about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and a 17-item questionnaire that assessed adherence to an MedDiet. We used ANCOVA and multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to compare baseline adjusted means of the quality of life scales according to categories of adherence to the MedDiet. Higher adherence to the MedDiet was independently associated with significantly better scores in the eight dimensions of HRQoL. Adjusted differences of > = 3 points between the highest and the lowest dietary adherence groups to the MedDiet were observed for vitality, emotional role, and mental health and of > = 2 points for the other dimensions. In conclusion, this study shows a positive association between adherence to a MedDiet and several dimensions of quality of life. 2026-02-11T12:00:51Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/39164 Título : Cohort Profile: Design and methods of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized trial Autor : Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A.; Buil-Cosiales, Pilar; Corella, Dolores; Bulló, Mònica; Fitó, Monserrat; Vioque, Jesús; Romaguera, Dora; Martínez, J. Alfredo; Wärnberg, Julia; López Miranda, Jose; Estruch, Ramón; Bueno Cavanillas, Aurora; Arós, Fernando; Tur, Josep; Tinahones, Francisco J 2026-02-11T11:59:56Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/38720 Título : Historia de la educación, historia de la salud y la enfermedad. ¿Caminos paralelos? Por una historia inter/ multidisciplinar Autor : Perdiguero-Gil, Enrique; Del Cura González, Mercedes 2025-12-04T08:39:29Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/38719 Título : Pluralidad y ¿ansiedad?: La historia de la medicina hoy Autor : Perdiguero-Gil, Enrique Resumen : Este ensayo reflexiona sobre las tensiones generadas en torno a los estudios históricos sobre la salud y la enfermedad. Tales tensiones tienen variadas aristas y muchas son equiparables a las que aborda la historia de la ciencia. La percepción del riesgo de atomización y pérdida de identidad profesional es importante, pero no parece que la solución sea la vuelta a las grandes narrativas. Otra tensión surge de la aparente lejanía entre la sofisticación de la investigación y la necesidad de dirigirse a públicos diversos entre los que se encuentran estudiantes y profesionales de la salud. Algunos procesos relacionados con el modo en el que se desarrolla y se mide la actividad investigadora están resultando claramente nocivos para la pesquisa histórica. La alternativa que se propone es huir de lo prescriptivo sobre lo que es o debe ser la historia de la medicina e intentar, en el día a día, acercarse de manera rigurosa a lo que supuso enfermar, aliviar, sanar y morir en el pasado, con apertura a nuevos modos de ver y analizar, pero sin perseguir el último «giro» historiográfico. This essay reflects on the tensions generated around historical studies on health and disease. Such tensions have various edges, and many are comparable to those addressed by the History of Science. The perception of the risk of fragmentation and loss of professional identity is important, but it does not seem that the solution is to return to the grand narratives. Another tension arises from the apparent distance between the sophistication of the research and the need to address diverse audiences, including students and health professionals. Some processes related to how research activity is developed and measured are clearly proving to be harmful to historical research. The alternative that is proposed is to escape from the prescriptive analysis of what the History of Medicine is or should be and try, on a daily basis, to apply a rigorous approach to what it meant in the past to get sick, alleviate diseases, heal and die, which is open to new ways of seeing and analyzing, but without pursuing the latest historiographic turn. 2025-12-04T08:38:23Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/38599 Título : Historia de la Ciencia y Periodismo Científico: una relación necesaria y fructífera Autor : Perdiguero-Gil, Enrique Resumen : El texto muestra la necesidad de una estrecha relación entre el Periodismo Científico y la Historia de la Ciencia. Las noticias científicas publicadas en el pasado son una fuente fundamental para la comprensión histórica de la ciencia. La Historia puede apo11ar al Periodismo Científico la perspectiva necesaria para situar en su contexto lo que acontece en la actualidad. Tomando como punto de pai1ida la pandemia de la Covid-19 se muestra que la historia , más que aportar leccione s, puede ale rtar sobre la complejidad del presente , a la luz de la que se dio en el pasado. Conocer las singulares condiciones sociales, económicas, culturales , políticas y emocionales en las que se desa1rnlla la actividad científica pe1111itee vitar la comparación anacrónica con el pasado y comprender mejor el presente. Los estudios históricos han mostrado las dinámicas que siguen los expe 11os y las controversias mediante las que pretenden zanjar las disputas científicas. Conocer estos procesos ayuda a entender cómo se presentan en la esfera pública las diversas voces expertas que tratan de aportar su saber ante un detem1inado problema . Por último , la Historia de la Ciencia también puede ayudar a situar en perspectiva qué son y cómo se generan las pruebas (evidencias) científicas , tan urgentemente ansiadas en el caso de la Covid-19. 2025-11-28T14:44:35Z https://hdl.handle.net/11000/38596 Título : Predictors of ultra-processed foods consumption in 4-year-old Spanish children Autor : Compañ Gabucio, Laura M; Torres-Collado, Laura; Oncina Canovas, Alejandro; Fernández-Tardón, Guillermo; Tardon, Adonina; Santa-Marina Rodríguez, Loreto; Barroeta, Ziortza; Vrijheid, Martine; Warkentin, Sarah; Llop, Sabrina; Soler-Blasco, Raquel; Ojeda-Belokon, Carolina; Garcia de la Hera, Manuela; Vioque, Jesús; González Palacios, Sandra Resumen : Ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption has increased in recent decades, contributing to poor diet quality and certain health problems in early childhood. This study aimed to evaluate UPF consumption in 4-year-old children and determine maternal and child sociodemographic and lifestyle predictors of UPF consumption. We analysed data for 1736 mother-child pairs from the INfancia y Medio Ambiente birth cohort study. Children's diets were parent-reported using validated food frequency questionnaires from which UPF consumption was calculated according to the NOVA classification. We used multinomial logistic regression to assess associations between sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and child UPF consumption in tertiles (low, intermediate, high). The mean (SD) daily UPF consumption was 414.6 (240.2)g/day, accounting for 32.8 % of the total daily intake. The main sources of UPF consumption were ultra-processed dairy products (44.3 %), ultra-processed beverages (17.8 %) and sweet foods (16.5 %). A higher maternal UPF consumption during pregnancy [RRRmedium = 1.68 (95 %CI 1.23-2.30) and RRRhigh = 2.86 (95 %CI: 2.02-4.04)] and child television viewing [RRR>1.5 h/day = 1.65 (95 %CI: 1.21-2.25)] were positively associated with a higher child UPF consumption, whereas maternal age≥30 years was associated with reduced UPF consumption [RRR = 0.71 (95 %CI: 0.54-0.94)]. These associations remained similar when stratified by sex, although maternal age effect was not significant in sex-specific models. Medium and high UPF consumption of mothers during pregnancy, younger age at pregnancy, and more television viewing in children were associated with higher UPF consumption at age 4. The identification of factors associated with child UPF consumption could support the development of health promotion strategies aimed at reducing UPF consumption in children. 2025-11-28T11:49:55Z