DSpace Comunidad :

Dermcidin has antiviral activity and protects against influenza

2026-05-01T01:04:04Z

Título : Dermcidin has antiviral activity and protects against influenza Autor : Corell-Escuin, Paula; Belmonte-Ballester, Sonia; Adhav, Anmol; Marina, Alberto; Gadea-Salom, Laura; Martínez-Gil, Luis; Aledavood, Elnaz; Fernández-Escamilla, Ana María; Gómez Sáez, Ana; Gougeard, Nadine; Dee, Kieran; Murcia, Pablo R.; Magos, Eliza Adriana; Llena, Carmen; Peris-Martínez, Cristina; D´Auria, Giuseppe; Artacho, Alejandro; Mengual-Chuliá, Beatriz; López-Labrador, F. Xavier; Mira, Alex; Ferrer, María Desamparados Resumen : Despite the high incidence of influenza virus infections, one-fifth of people infected with influenza remain asymptomatic. The mechanisms associated with this immune resilience are, however, unknown. Here, we show that the human antimicrobial peptide dermcidin has antiviral activity against influenza viruses through binding to hemagglutinin and extends its effect to taxonomically unrelated respiratory viruses such as measles virus and human coronavirus OC43. We show that dermcidin is present in all anatomical regions associated with the entry routes of respiratory viruses, that its levels increase during viral respiratory infections, and that it protects mice against influenza disease. Notably, dermcidin levels were higher in asymptomatic individuals than in susceptible peers, suggesting a role in the onset of disease symptoms. Thus, we show that dermcidin inhibits influenza virus infection in vitro and in vivo, with potential as a human-derived product for the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections.

Synergistic antiviral effects of structure-guided peptides and a mutagenic base analog on SARS-CoV-2 replication

2026-04-30T01:03:41Z

Título : Synergistic antiviral effects of structure-guided peptides and a mutagenic base analog on SARS-CoV-2 replication Autor : Ortega del Campo, Sergio; Fernández Ballester, Gregorio Joaquín; Blanes Mira, Clara; Guirado Osorio, Víctor; Díaz Martínez, Luis; de Ávila, Ana Isabel; Soria, María Eugenia; Martínez-González, Brenda; Villena González, Francisco José; Gómez-Maldonado, Josefa; Viciana Ramos, María Isabel; Clavijo Frutos, Encarnación; Santos González, Jesús L.; Bastolla, Hugo; Perales, Celia; Domingo, Esteban; Viguera, Enrique; Fernández Escamilla, Ana María; Grande Pérez, Ana Resumen : The limited durability of vaccine protection and the rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants highlight the need for antiviral strategies that extend beyond vaccination and conventional small-molecule inhibitors. Here, we explored a dual approach combining structure-guided peptides predicted to interfere with the viral replication complex with lethal mutagenesis to limit SARS-CoV-2 replication. Using the crystallographic interfaces of nsp10 with nsp14 and nsp16, we designed short inhibitory peptides predicted to interact with the viral proofreading and RNA-capping machinery. In parallel, the mutagenic analog 5-fluorouracil was evaluated to determine its effecteffecteffecton SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells. Peptides P1 and P6 exhibited potent antiviral activity with minimal cytotoxicity, whereas 5-FU reduced specific infectivity without impairing genome replication. Combined treatment with 5-FU and peptide P1 resulted in >104-fold reduction in infectious virus, achieving near-complete loss of infectivity at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Next-generation sequencing revealed that dual treatment increased mutation frequency, altered mutant spectra, and decreased genome stability, consistent with progression toward error catastrophe. Principal component analysis confirmed that combined treatment generated mutant spectra distinct from either monotherapy. These findings are consistent with a dual antiviral strategy in which structure-guided peptides designed to interact with components of the SARS-CoV-2 replication complex act in combination with lethal mutagenesis to produce a synergistic interaction between these two complementary processes. This integrated approach suggests a potential broad-spectrum antiviral strategy with applicability to other coronaviruses.

Aproximación a la noción de familia: Una contribución desde el derecho romano al debate actual.

2026-04-29T01:03:37Z

Título : Aproximación a la noción de familia: Una contribución desde el derecho romano al debate actual. Autor : Polo-Arévalo, Eva María

Assessment of human dietary exposure to arsenic through rice

2026-04-28T01:03:28Z

Título : Assessment of human dietary exposure to arsenic through rice Autor : Davis, Matthew A.; Signes-Pastor, Antonio Jose; Argos, Maria; Slaughter, Francis; Pendergrast, Claire; Punshon, Tracy; Gossai, Anala; Ahsan, Habibul; Karagas, Margaret R Resumen : Rice accumulates 10-fold higher inorganic arsenic (i-As), an established human carcinogen, than other grains. This review summarizes epidemiologic studies that examined the association between rice consumption and biomarkers of arsenic exposure. After reviewing the literature we identified 20 studies, among them included 18 observational and 2 human experimental studies that reported on associations between rice consumption and an arsenic biomarker. Among individuals not exposed to contaminated water, rice is a source of i-As exposure – rice consumption has been consistently related to arsenic biomarkers, and the relationship has been clearly demonstrated in experimental studies. Early-life i-As exposure is of particular concern due to its associationwith lifelong adverse health outcomes. Maternal rice consumption during pregnancy also has been associatedwith infant toenail total arsenic concentrations indicating that dietary exposure during pregnancy results in fetal exposure. Thus, the collective evidence indicates that rice is an independent source of arsenic exposure in populations around the world and highlights the importance of investigating its affect on health.

Phytoremediation assessment of Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans grown in arsenic-contaminated hydroponic conditions as a safe and feasible alternative to be applied in arsenic-contaminated soils of the Bengal Delta

2026-04-28T01:03:27Z

Título : Phytoremediation assessment of Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans grown in arsenic-contaminated hydroponic conditions as a safe and feasible alternative to be applied in arsenic-contaminated soils of the Bengal Delta Autor : Signes-Pastor, Antonio Jose; Munera, Sandra; Burló, Francisco; Cano-Lamadrid, Marina; Carbonell-Barrachina, Ángel A. Resumen : Several agricultural fields show high contents of arsenic because of irrigation with arseniccontaminated groundwater. Vegetables accumulate arsenic in their edible parts when grown in contaminated soils. Polluted vegetables are one of the main sources of arsenic in the food chain, especially for people living in rural arsenic endemic villages of India and Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of floriculture in the crop rotation system of arsenic endemic areas of the Bengal Delta. The effects of different arsenic concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg As L−1) and types of flowering plant (Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans) on plant growth and arsenic accumulation were studied under hydroponic conditions. Total arsenic was quantified using atomic absorption spectrometer with hydride generation (HG-AAS). Arsenic was mainly accumulated in the roots (72 %), followed by leaves (12 %), stems (10 %), and flowers (<1 %). The flowering plants studied did not show as high phytoremediation capacities as other wild species, such as ferns. However, they behaved as arsenic tolerant plants and grew and bloomed well, without showing any phytotoxic signs. This study proves that floriculture could be included within the crop rotation system in arsenic-contaminated agricultural soils, in order to improve food safety and also food security by increasing farmer’s revenue.

Comentarios a la ley reguladora de la jurisdicción social

2026-04-28T01:03:26Z

Título : Comentarios a la ley reguladora de la jurisdicción social Autor : Barrios Baudor, Guillermo L.; Abril Larraínzar, María del Puy; Ceca Gómez-Arevalillo, Enrique; Dámaso Artiles, José Ramón; Dans Álvarez de Sotomayor, Lucía; Del Valle De Joz, Juan Ignacio; Fernández Nieto, Livina; Gómez Hernández, Ana; González González, Carlos; González Barriales, Judit; Lasaosa Irigoyen, Elena; Lousada Arochena, Jose Fernando; Maneiro Vázquez, Yolanda; Mas García, Eva María; Megino Fernández, Diego; Menéndez Sebastián, Paz; Muñoz Hurtado, María José; Novoa Mendoza, Alberto; Ramo Hernando, María José; Rodríguez Cardo, Ivan Antonio; Ron Latas, Ricardo

Engineering a Scalable Laboratory Infrastructure for Assembly Language Scaffolding: Design and Deployment of a Locally Optimized GenAI Assistant for the CODE-2 Educational Architecture

2026-04-28T01:03:28Z

Título : Engineering a Scalable Laboratory Infrastructure for Assembly Language Scaffolding: Design and Deployment of a Locally Optimized GenAI Assistant for the CODE-2 Educational Architecture Autor : García Crespí, Federico Resumen : The transition from high-level programming to assembly language constitutes a welldocumented pedagogical bottleneck in computer engineering curricula, particularly in largecohort laboratory settings where individualized scaffolding cannot scale. This paper presents the design, implementation, and technical evaluation of a locally deployable generative AI assistant engineered specifically for the CODE-2 educational processor architecture. The system is intended as laboratory infrastructure, not as a replacement for human instruction; its primary contribution is enabling scalable, privacy-preserving syntax scaffolding without dependency on cloud services or internet connectivity. A synthetic task bank of 50,000 instruction pairs was procedurally generated to cover the full CODE-2 curriculum. Three fine-tuning strategies were compared on a consumer GPU: Prompt Tuning, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), and Full Fine-Tuning of a T5-Small encoder-decoder model. Full Fine- Tuning achieved 94.10% Exact Match on the held-out evaluation set, demonstrating that rigid assembly syntax requires full parameter adaptation. Post-training INT8 quantization via ONNX Runtime reduced inference latency by 69% (from 1,689 ms to 526 ms) on standard laboratory hardware (Intel i5, 8 GB RAM), with a precision loss below 1%. The resulting system operates entirely offline, precluding data exfiltration by design. The system is integrated into laboratory workflows as a supervised scaffolding tool, requiring mandatory emulator-based verification of all AI-generated code. Pedagogical implications are discussed as plausible benefits; no controlled learning-gains study is reported. The work demonstrates a replicable pipeline for building domain-specific language model infrastructure tailored to CPU-only educational environments.

Introduction of agromotics and ecological agriculture in primary education - Domotic School Garden.

2026-04-25T01:06:15Z

Título : Introduction of agromotics and ecological agriculture in primary education - Domotic School Garden. Autor : Melián-Navarro, Amparo; Pretel, M.T.; Ruiz, A.; Martínez-Arenes, M.C.; Cuevas, C.; Haya, B.

The hidden genetic reservoir: structural variants as drivers of marine microbial and viral microdiversity

2026-04-24T01:03:39Z

Título : The hidden genetic reservoir: structural variants as drivers of marine microbial and viral microdiversity Autor : Haro-Moreno, Jose M.; Roda-Garcia, Juan J.; Molina Pardines, Carmen; López-Pérez, Mario Resumen : Background Intraspecific genetic diversity is fundamental to understanding microbial adaptation, evolution, and contributions to ecosystem stability. However, traditional short-read metagenomics often underrepresents this diversity, particularly structural variants (SVs), due to assembly limitations in complex natural populations. To overcome these constraints, we employed third-generation (long-read) metagenomics to investigate the ecoevolutionary role of SVs in microbial and viral marine populations. Our analysis focused on the cellular metagenome fraction (0.22–5 μm size range) across distinct ecological niches within the photic zone of the marine water column. Results Insertions and deletions emerged as the predominant SVs in the marine microbiome, occurring at similar frequencies across genomes. These SVs were not only found within the core genome but also in the flexible genome, serving as a source of genetic variability within genomic islands. Insertions were significantly larger, reaching more than 2 Kb, in streamlined microbes such as Pelagibacter (SAR11 clade) or the archaeon Nitrosopumilus. In contrast, SVs in viral populations were smaller and more uniform in size (~ 430 bp). Functionally, SVs were enriched in genes linked to nutrient uptake, amino acid metabolism, and regulatory networks due to the presence of non-coding RNAs. These SVs often encompassed entire genes or operons, acting as an important reservoir of niche-specific diversity that supports the emergence of ecological lineages better adapted to environmental gradients, such as rhodopsin-containing subpopulations in shallower waters. In viruses, SV-driven genetic plasticity facilitated host range adaptation and the evolution of mechanisms modulating host metabolism. We identified long-term genetically stable populations of cyanophages and pelagiphages, wherein SVs represented the primary source of genomic diversification. Notably, certain subpopulations of pelagimyophages carry SVs encoding a pstS gene, which enhances host phosphate uptake and increases viral replication efficiency—a beneficial adaptation in phosphate-depleted environments such as the oligotrophic Mediterranean Sea. Conclusions By capturing SVs directly from natural populations, this study provides new insights into microbial evolution, phage-host interactions, and the broader implications of genomic plasticity for ecosystem resilience in marine environments. Furthermore, these results highlight the transformative potential of third-generation sequencing to unveil previously hidden layers of microbial and viral diversity.

Título V. De la evitación del proceso. Capítulo II. Del agotamiento de la vía administrativa previa a la vía judicial

2026-04-24T01:03:44Z

Título : Título V. De la evitación del proceso. Capítulo II. Del agotamiento de la vía administrativa previa a la vía judicial Autor : Mas García, Eva María Resumen : Artículo 69 Reclamación administrativa previa o agotamiento de la vía administrativa previa a la vía judicial social; Artículo 70 Excepciones al agotamiento de la vía administrativa; Artículo 71 Reclamación administrativa previa en materia de prestaciones de Seguridad Social; Artículo 72 Vinculación respecto a la reclamación administrativa previa en materia de prestaciones de Seguridad Social o vía administrativa previa; Artículo 73 Efectos de la reclamación administrativa previa en materia de prestaciones de Seguridad Social.